Activist Investing: What is it and Why is There so Much Hype?

Activist investing is on the rise, in both the media (Bill Ackman vs. Carl Icahn debate, highly entertaining:

) and the stock market. For those unfamiliar with the concept, an activist investor’s goal is to obtain a seat on a public company’s board to be able implement change. They do this buy purchasing a substantial amount of shares in the targeted company. A lot of capital is required to be able to actually make an activist play, therefore the majority of activists are institutions or wealthy fund managers.

Benefits of Activism - To Shareholders:

If company X has a great business, but is underperforming due to management, long shareholders are negatively impacted. If Carl Icahn (who will be brought up a lot in activism discussions), for example, came up with an idea that he believes will help turn the company around, he would try to buy enough shares to have decision making leverage. If his advice works well, the company’s stock will respond accordingly, therefore benefiting the passive investors in the company who do not capital to voice their opinions publicly.

Benefits of Activism - To The Overall Market:

Activists are increasingly gaining bargaining power within the market. Icahn was able to influence the biggest company in the world: Apple. Although he recently admitted on an episode of Wall Street Week that he thinks Tim Cook is a great CEO, there is always room for improvement. In many cases, activists compose ideas that management simply cannot or ever will think of. On the tech-heavy Nasdaq, a major increase in Apple could bring the index up a sizeable amount. On August 13, 2013, when Icahn tweeted about his large stake in Apple, the stock proceeded to rise 4%. In addition, according to Bloomberg, between 2009 and 2013 companies targeted by activists gained 48% (on average, which was 17% higher than the S&P 500).

Wrap-Up:

Overall, in an increasingly changing market, activism is here to stay and thrive. Some activists are so big that they can move markets with a single tweet (ie. Icahn), while others are slightly less outspoken but have the resources and ideas to influence positive change.

I’d like to hear your opinions on the current and future landscape of activism!

 

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