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Wall Street Oasis » Forums » I-Banking Bullpen
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Graduating into a Bad Economy
 

CompBanker's picture
CompBanker
      PE
 
 
(Almost Human, 8,504
 
Points)
 on 9/18/11 at 3:14pm
jump_off_cliff.jpg

After reading through the thread on the 2011 hiring freeze, I'd thought it would be valuable to share with the community the thoughts and experiences of someone who graduated into a good economy. While it is easy to sit back and say that my class had it easy compared to today's graduates, this argument only goes so far. Here is what happened to the 2007 grads:

I was fortunate to graduate in 2007 when the economy was great and jobs were abundant. In fact, I secured my IB job in the Fall of 2006 when times were even better. Myself and my classmates all started work in Summer '07 post-graduation. Things were great, work was plentiful, and we all got paid. Then the recession hit in Fall '08. Work dried up and pay went down. People started getting fired. A lot of them. Entire banks collapsed and armies of qualified people lost their jobs. Industry cut back and all of a sudden no one was safe. Small businesses and start-ups failed as no one was spending money. A huge collection of '06, '07, and '08 grads were made redundant -- cast out into an economy where no one was hiring.

Meanwhile, those of us who were part of 2-year banking programs were on the market pursuing our "exit ops." Come Summer '09, we too would be out on the streets. When PE recruiting hit for the '07 grads, opportunities were bleak. PE firms were reducing their associate intake as deals weren't getting done and they didn't need as high a headcount. Previously, analysts in my program had near 100% placement into PE, and great PE names no less. For my analyst class, only the top performers (~20%) were able to secure PE roles. The rest begrudgingly accepted 3rd year offers. Some took middle office industry jobs, some got frustrated and ended their analyst years unemployed.

For those of us who did secure jobs, we lived in constant fear that our PE firms would implode or cut us before we even showed up for our first day of work. For some people, this was true. A number of PE firms pulled the job offers they had originally extended, offers that analysts were counting on for when they finished slaving away in investment banking. Other PE firms were less forgiving, not opting to slash associates until a few months after the associates started working -- after they had signed expensive leases and spent their banking bonuses in anticipation of receiving a monthly paycheck and other future bonuses.

I admit, I got lucky. My PE job was still waiting for me when I finished banking. They had decided to reduce associate headcount prior to hiring, so I was safe. I worked for two years and got a fantastic experience, mostly because there were fewer associates so I got staffed on more deals and covered more portfolio companies than my predecessors. A number of deals fell apart, but miraculously the ones I got staffed on all got completed and I was able to stuff my resume with closed transactions. Things were looking up and all that was left to do was to apply to business school -- surely the economy would rebound by the time I graduate b-school in 2013...

But this year was different. Harvard Business School elected to diversify its MBA class away from finance and consulting in favor of less traditional candidates (http://management.fortune.cnn.com/2010/12/17/harva...). All of a sudden even the superstars from Megafunds found themselves with no acceptance in hand and the prospect of being unemployed in Summer '11. HBS caused a trickle down effect in MBA programs as the finance superstars scrambled to pull together applications to lesser schools. In the end, a lot of '07 grads found themselves looking for employment again this Summer. This put them in a tough situation though, they had a number of options, but few were appealing:

1) Negotiate to stay on another year at their PE shops and try again at MBA admissions the next year.
2) Lateral to another PE shop and "re-do" their pre-MBA associate years.
3) Try to skip the MBA altogether and secure a post-MBA job.
4) Leave the industry.

Option #1 wasn't available for many and option #2 meant a two year career set back. Option #3 was preferable, though even HBS MBA students with IB/PE experience were struggling to find post-MBA PE jobs; competition was fierce. Many folks I know were forced into option #4, though I admit that some of my friends are a lot happier now as a result.

Obviously luck plays a huge role in any given person's situation, but you can't wait around to get lucky. So folks, before you throw your hands in the air and claim that you never had a chance, realize that everybody has had to fight for their place on Wall Street, regardless of when they graduated.

CompBanker
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Tags:
  • Graduation Year
  • Bad Economy
  • I-Banking Bullpen
UFOinsider's picture

I graduated in December in a

UFOinsider
      O
 
(Human, 10,302
 
Points)
 on 9/18/11 at 3:29pm

I graduated in December in a shit economy and landed three internships within two weeks, found a fulltime back office position a few months later, and made it to front office a few months after that. I came from a state school, liberal arts degree, below average grades, no experience, and I'd taken off from college for five years at one point. The things that put me ahead of all the younger kids graduating with good grades and finance degrees from target schools are NETWORKING, solid work ethic, and an extremely fast learning curve.

For anyone with doubts, let this serve as a lesson that there are plenty of jobs available, it's just a matter of what people will do, and if I can find a job I'm convinced that ANYONE can.

Go get some

YOU JUST GOT TROLLED
http://www.troll.me/images/red-foreman322/dont-you...

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PossumBelly's picture

People graduate into bad

PossumBelly
      IB
 
 
(King Kong, 1,689
 
Points)
 on 9/18/11 at 6:04pm

People graduate into bad economies every 5-8 years. 2008-09, 2001-02, early 90's, late 80's, early 80's, late 70's,...and on it was and will be through time.

All you can do is bust your ass and eventually it will work out.

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db729's picture

I understand your point but I

db729
     
 
(Monkey, 63
 
Points)
 on 9/18/11 at 6:55pm

I understand your point but I really don't think your perspective is that reassuring. The reality is, despite those of you that graduated in 06/07 also facing tough times with the economy, you guys are much better off than those that are graduating now. At least you have direct experience and easier to find a job. Difficulty finding jobs, figuring out the best way to get into a top MBA, taking on jobs that's not the 1st choice, etc, are problems we all face at this point. But your experience puts you in a much better position than those without.

With that said, I don't think anyone regardless of when they graduated, should be making excuses. At the end of the day, we all have to hustle and grind. You'll never always be at the right place and right time. If you don't learn to create opportunities for yourself, you'll never find success in the long run.

Btw for full disclose, I graduated in '09 and luckily got an offer with Big 4, so I am fortunate to be employed. But I can understand those graduating now's sentiment in feeling discouraged because I was trying to recruiting during absolutely shitty times. It's dreadful thinking that after four years working your ass of (for the most of us), you can't even get a chance to interview. By no way am I saying you're wrong. I just think it's hard for those graduating now to understand your pains when they can't help but only see theirs.

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WalMartShopper's picture

UFOinsider wrote: I graduated

WalMartShopper
     
 
(Senior Gorilla, 889
 
Points)
 on 9/18/11 at 8:13pm
UFOinsider:

I graduated in December in a shit economy and landed three internships within two weeks, found a fulltime back office position a few months later, and made it to front office a few months after that. I came from a state school, liberal arts degree, below average grades, no experience, and I'd taken off from college for five years at one point. The things that put me ahead of all the younger kids graduating with good grades and finance degrees from target schools are NETWORKING, solid work ethic, and an extremely fast learning curve.

For anyone with doubts, let this serve as a lesson that there are plenty of jobs available, it's just a matter of what people will do, and if I can find a job I'm convinced that ANYONE can.

Go get some

I'm really beginning to hate you...jk congrats man. My networking efforts are paying off big time lately and if it comes to fruition I will divulge my tactics.

Also good post comp, hopefully when you run your PE firm you remember us little people...

If the glove don't fit, you must acquit!

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marcellus_wallace's picture

The difference is you could

marcellus_wallace
      ST
 
 
(King Kong, 1,617
 
Points)
 on 9/18/11 at 9:21pm

The difference is you could have stayed on at your bank and became an associate no? Could you not have stayed at your PE firm? Could you not go right back into banking right now?

Graduates in bad economies don't have those options usually, they can't get their foot in the door to begin with.

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CompBanker's picture

marcellus_wallace wrote: The

CompBanker
      PE
 
 
(Almost Human, 8,504
 
Points)
 on 9/18/11 at 9:38pm
marcellus_wallace:

The difference is you could have stayed on at your bank and became an associate no? Could you not have stayed at your PE firm? Could you not go right back into banking right now?

Personally, yeah I could have stayed with my bank and become a 3rd year analyst and then maybe an associate. Not everyone is offered a 3rd year though, so a lot of people are out of luck regardless. Also, the reality is that after two years of banking, you're desperate to get out. To your question about going back into banking after two years in PE: I suppose it is an option, but there is a reason that there are almost no bankers who are ex-PE. After working in PE, the thought of going back to the banking lifestyle is pretty much unfathomable. As for staying at the PE firm: Most PE firms are 2-3 years and out. They tend to be a lot stricter than banks on letting people stick around past the pre-designated 2-3 years. I certainly didn't have an option to stick around.

CompBanker

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WalMartShopper's picture

What is the typical route

WalMartShopper
     
 
(Senior Gorilla, 889
 
Points)
 on 9/18/11 at 9:41pm

What is the typical route after pe 2yrs?

If the glove don't fit, you must acquit!

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CompBanker's picture

WalMartShopper wrote: What is

CompBanker
      PE
 
 
(Almost Human, 8,504
 
Points)
 on 9/18/11 at 11:20pm
WalMartShopper:

What is the typical route after pe 2yrs?

The majority go to b-school. Many then return to PE afterwards.

CompBanker

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International Pymp's picture

^some will go to HFs and

International Pymp
      RE
 
 
(King Kong, 1,882
 
Points)
 on 9/18/11 at 11:42pm

^some will go to HFs and other firms directly too

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The Phantom's picture

I am with marcellus_wallace.

The Phantom
      HF
 
 
(Senior Gorilla, 966
 
Points)
 on 9/19/11 at 12:35am

I am with marcellus_wallace. At least we made it in. Those who cannot get 3rd year analyst/1st year associate offers at ibanks are either: shit out of luck in timing (2008) or weren't suppose to be in banking in the first place.

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LIBOR's picture

Comp, are you in bschool now?

LIBOR
      EN
 
(Neanderthal, 2,156
 
Points)
 on 9/19/11 at 12:40am

Comp, are you in bschool now?

looking for that pick-me-up to power through an all-nighter?

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Sonic's picture

I know someone who graduated

Sonic
      HF
 
(Senior Monkey, 90
 
Points)
 on 9/19/11 at 12:42am

I know someone who graduated from my target last year, didn't get his BB offer on a long-term bond desk, and is now day trading on his own.

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UFOinsider's picture

WalMartShopper

UFOinsider
      O
 
(Human, 10,302
 
Points)
 on 9/19/11 at 1:11am
WalMartShopper:
UFOinsider:

I graduated in December in a shit economy and landed three internships within two weeks, found a fulltime back office position a few months later, and made it to front office a few months after that. I came from a state school, liberal arts degree, below average grades, no experience, and I'd taken off from college for five years at one point. The things that put me ahead of all the younger kids graduating with good grades and finance degrees from target schools are NETWORKING, solid work ethic, and an extremely fast learning curve.

For anyone with doubts, let this serve as a lesson that there are plenty of jobs available, it's just a matter of what people will do, and if I can find a job I'm convinced that ANYONE can.

Go get some

I'm really beginning to hate you...jk congrats man. My networking efforts are paying off big time lately and if it comes to fruition I will divulge my tactics.

Also good post comp, hopefully when you run your PE firm you remember us little people...

Thanks for the compliment, but I'm only a year and a half in man: don't waste your time hating or praising me, just send me your resume. I'm a HUGE fan of paying it forward any way I can. I believe that if you do good things for other people when you can, people will do good things for you when you need it most (corollary being do.not.fuck.with.me)......What goes around, comes around, and it picks up a lot of speed.

A very small fraction of people have a perfect resume because of this thing called LIFE, and shit happens. Just reach out to people, be a decent person, and work hard. The rest will take care of itself......keep going man, you can do it! Personally, I want to stay in banks / brokerages for the forseeable future: as bad as it looks, it's safer there than HFs currently are and there are more types of exit ops (for example, a PE fund will never pay for law school.....)

ALSO: OP, your story is really good and I saw shorts' post citing you as the inspiration for his. Good job man, seriously, thank you!

YOU JUST GOT TROLLED
http://www.troll.me/images/red-foreman322/dont-you...

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TDSWIM's picture

CompBanker

TDSWIM
     
 
(Orangutan, 314
 
Points)
 on 9/19/11 at 1:23am
CompBanker:
WalMartShopper:

What is the typical route after pe 2yrs?

The majority go to b-school. Many then return to PE afterwards.

What if you do two years in banking and then go to business school and come out with a PE associate offer? Does the 2-3 year and out rule still apply? What happens for MBAs after that, do they just go to another shop, or if you have the MBA already is it assumed you will stay on for a longer time period?

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DontMakeMeShortYou's picture

Pre-MBA buyside experience is

DontMakeMeShortYou
      HF
 
 
(King Kong, 1,900
 
Points)
 on 9/19/11 at 1:32am

Pre-MBA buyside experience is almost mandatory for post-MBA buyside jobs.

See my WSO Blog

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islandbanker's picture

I have to agree that this

islandbanker
     
 
(Orangutan, 257
 
Points)
 on 9/19/11 at 2:01am
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International Pymp's picture

TDSWIM wrote: CompBanker

International Pymp
      RE
 
 
(King Kong, 1,882
 
Points)
 on 9/19/11 at 3:25am
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someotherguy's picture

Graduating in 2007 is orders

someotherguy
      HF
 
(Orangutan, 278
 
Points)
 on 9/19/11 at 8:56am
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shorttheworld's picture

DontMakeMeShortYou

shorttheworld
      EN
 
 
(Senior Neanderthal, 4,310
 
Points)
 on 9/19/11 at 9:44am

I need a crib, a big estate, I need a boat and that need a lake, I need some salmon that need a plate, that need a chef so I feed my safe

From trading equities to slanging wine in Latin America

A ship is safe in harbor, but that is not what a ship i

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TheKing's picture

CompBanker wrote: After

TheKing
      O
 
 
(Senior Neanderthal, 5,141
 
Points)
 on 9/19/11 at 9:51am

Check out my WSO Blog

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ccmonopolies's picture

CompBanker wrote: After

ccmonopolies
     
 
(Monkey, 53
 
Points)
 on 9/20/11 at 12:29am
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HerSerendipity's picture

I have to agree with

HerSerendipity
      PE
 
 
(King Kong, 1,031
 
Points)
 on 9/20/11 at 9:25am
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TheKing's picture

HerSerendipity wrote: I have

TheKing
      O
 
 
(Senior Neanderthal, 5,141
 
Points)
 on 9/20/11 at 9:51am

Check out my WSO Blog

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aempirei's picture

Some people are pretty out of

aempirei
      IB
 
(Gorilla, 726
 
Points)
 on 9/20/11 at 12:22pm

My name is Nicky, but you can call me Dre.

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HerSerendipity's picture

TheKing

HerSerendipity
      PE
 
 
(King Kong, 1,031
 
Points)
 on 9/20/11 at 1:16pm
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weeds499's picture

Comp - are you in bschool/HBS

weeds499
      IB
 
(Orangutan, 255
 
Points)
 on 9/20/11 at 8:14pm
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CompBanker's picture

Nope, I didn't make it into

CompBanker
      PE
 
 
(Almost Human, 8,504
 
Points)
 on 9/20/11 at 9:01pm

CompBanker

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Al Bundy's picture

edit: deleted. Was posting

Al Bundy
      ER
 
(Senior Orangutan, 491
 
Points)
 on 9/20/11 at 9:29pm

Pretty women make us BUY beer. Ugly women make us DRINK beer.

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SpacemanSpiff's picture

Haven't read the whole

SpacemanSpiff
      HF
 
 
(Senior Baboon, 243
 
Points)
 on 9/20/11 at 9:27pm
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Genetic's picture

I met with a CFO for a large

Genetic
     
 
(Senior Baboon, 185
 
Points)
 on 9/22/11 at 2:08am
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RE Capital Markets's picture

CompBanker wrote: Many folks

RE Capital Markets
      RE
 
 
(Gorilla, 649
 
Points)
 on 9/22/11 at 4:55pm

Man made money, money never made the man

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RE Capital Markets's picture

HerSerendipity wrote: I had a

RE Capital Markets
      RE
 
 
(Gorilla, 649
 
Points)
 on 9/22/11 at 5:04pm

Man made money, money never made the man

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CompBanker's picture

RE Capital Markets

CompBanker
      PE
 
 
(Almost Human, 8,504
 
Points)
 on 9/22/11 at 5:40pm

CompBanker

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RE Capital Markets's picture

CompBanker wrote: RE Capital

RE Capital Markets
      RE
 
 
(Gorilla, 649
 
Points)
 on 9/22/11 at 6:20pm

Man made money, money never made the man

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CompBanker's picture

RE Capital Markets

CompBanker
      PE
 
 
(Almost Human, 8,504
 
Points)
 on 9/22/11 at 9:46pm

CompBanker

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HerSerendipity's picture

RE Capital Markets

HerSerendipity
      PE
 
 
(King Kong, 1,031
 
Points)
 on 9/22/11 at 10:56pm
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RE Capital Markets's picture

CompBanker wrote: Disagree on

RE Capital Markets
      RE
 
 
(Gorilla, 649
 
Points)
 on 9/23/11 at 12:46am

Man made money, money never made the man

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WalMartShopper's picture

CompBanker wrote: Disagree on

WalMartShopper
     
 
(Senior Gorilla, 889
 
Points)
 on 9/23/11 at 10:45am

If the glove don't fit, you must acquit!

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CompBanker's picture

WalMartShopper

CompBanker
      PE
 
 
(Almost Human, 8,504
 
Points)
 on 9/23/11 at 6:07pm

CompBanker

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marcellus_wallace's picture

A macro bond trader MD once

marcellus_wallace
      ST
 
 
(King Kong, 1,617
 
Points)
 on 9/23/11 at 6:55pm
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AnATLieninNY's picture

Great thread everyone

AnATLieninNY
      ST
 
(Senior Monkey, 96
 
Points)
 on 3/2/12 at 12:19pm

I say fuck change, I don't chase dimes

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BetaRhoOmega's picture

How do people see prospects

BetaRhoOmega
     
 
(Chimp, 15
 
Points)
 on 3/2/12 at 12:41pm
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RE Capital Markets's picture

Here's a breakdown (based on

RE Capital Markets
      RE
 
 
(Gorilla, 649
 
Points)
 on 3/2/12 at 2:22pm

Man made money, money never made the man

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Web Site Security Rules. Users are prohibited from violating or attempting to violate the security of the Web Site, including, without limitation, (a) accessing data not intended for such user or logging into a server or account which the user is not authorized to access, (b) attempting to probe, scan or test the vulnerability of a system or network or to breach security or authentication measures without proper authorization, (c) attempting to interfere with service to any user, host or network, including, without limitation, via means of submitting a virus to the Web Site, overloading, "flooding", "spamming", "mailbombing" or "crashing", (d) sending unsolicited e-mail, including promotions and/or advertising of products or services, or (e) forging any TCP/IP packet header or any part of the header information in any e-mail. Violations of system or network security may result in civil or criminal liability. The Company will investigate occurrences which may involve such violations and may involve, and cooperate with, law enforcement authorities in prosecuting users who are involved in such violations.

Specific Prohibited Uses.

The Company specifically prohibits any use of the Web Site, and all users agree not to use the Web Site, for any of the following:

  • Posting any incomplete, false or inaccurate biographical information or information which is not your own accurate resume
  • Using any device, software or routine to interfere or attempt to interfere with the proper working of this Web Site or any activity being conducted on this site.
  • Taking any action which imposes an unreasonable or disproportionately large load on this Web Site?s infrastructure.
  • If you have a password allowing access to a non-public area of this Web Site, disclosing to or sharing your password with any third parties or using your password for any unauthorized purpose.
  • Notwithstanding anything to the contrary contained herein, using or attempting to use any engine, software, tool, agent or other device or mechanism (including without limitation browsers, spiders, robots, avatars or intelligent agents) to navigate or search this Web Site other than the search engine and search agents available from the Company on this Web Site and other than generally available third party web browsers (e.g., Netscape Navigator, Microsoft Explorer).
  • Attempting to decipher, decompile, disassemble or reverse engineer any of the software comprising or in any way making up a part of the Web Site.
  • Aggregating, copying or duplicating in any manner any of the materials or information available from the Web Site.
  • Framing of or linking to any of the materials or information available from the Web Site.

User Information.

When you register for the Web Site, you will be asked to provide the Company with certain information including, without limitation, a valid email address (your "Information"). In addition to the terms and conditions that may be set forth in any privacy policy on this Web Site, you understand and agree that the Company may disclose to third parties, on an anonymous basis, certain aggregate information contained in your registration application. The Company reserves the right to offer third party services and products to you based on the preferences that you identify in your registration and at any time thereafter; such offers may be made by the Company or by third parties. Please see the Company's Privacy Policy below for further details regarding your Information.

Registration and Password.

You are responsible for maintaining the confidentiality of your information and password. You shall be responsible for all uses of your registration, whether or not authorized by you. You agree to immediately notify the Company of any unauthorized use of your registration or password.

The Company's Liability.

As a condition to your use of this site, you release the Company (and our agents and employees) from claims, demands and damages (actual and consequential, direct and indirect) of every kind and nature, known and unknown, suspected and unsuspected, disclosed and undisclosed, arising out of or in any way connected with such disputes. If you are a California resident, you waive California Civil Code d1542, which says: "A general release does not extend to claims which the creditor does not know or suspect to exist in his favor at the time of executing the release, which if known by him must have materially affected his settlement with the debtor."

We are under no legal obligation to, and generally do not, control the information provided by other users which is made available through the Web Site. By its very nature, other people?s information may be offensive, harmful or inaccurate, and in some cases will be mislabeled or deceptively labeled. We expect that you will use caution and common sense when using this Web Site.

The Material may contain inaccuracies or typographical errors. The Company makes no representations about the accuracy, reliability, completeness, or timeliness of the Web Site or the Material. The use of the Web Site and the Material is at your own risk. Changes are periodically made to the Web Site and may be made at any time.

You acknowledge and agree that you are solely responsible for the content and accuracy of any resume or material contained therein placed by you on the Web Site and you agree to let any users that are identified as recruiters (designated in the sole discretion of the Company) to have access to your resume.

The Company is not to be considered to be an employer with respect to your use of the Web Site and the Company shall not be responsible for any employment decisions, for whatever reason made, made by any entity posting jobs on the Web Site.

THE COMPANY DOES NOT WARRANT THAT THE WEB SITE WILL OPERATE ERROR-FREE OR THAT THE WEB SITE AND ITS SERVER ARE FREE OF COMPUTER VIRUSES OR OTHER HARMFUL MECHANISMS. IF YOUR USE OF THE WEB SITE OR THE MATERIAL RESULTS IN THE NEED FOR SERVICING OR REPLACING EQUIPMENT OR DATA, THE COMPANY IS NOT RESPONSIBLE FOR THOSE COSTS.

THE WEB SITE AND MATERIAL ARE PROVIDED ON AN "AS IS" BASIS WITHOUT ANY WARRANTIES OF ANY KIND. THE COMPANY, TO THE FULLEST EXTENT PERMITTED BY LAW, DISCLAIMS ALL WARRANTIES, WHETHER EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING THE WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY, FITNESS FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NON-INFRINGEMENT. THE COMPANY MAKES NO WARRANTIES ABOUT THE ACCURACY, RELIABILITY, COMPLETENESS, OR TIMELINESS OF THE MATERIAL, SERVICES, SOFTWARE, TEXT, GRAPHICS, AND LINKS.

Disclaimer of Consequential Damages.

IN NO EVENT SHALL THE COMPANY, ITS SUPPLIERS, OR ANY THIRD PARTIES MENTIONED ON THE WEB SITE BE LIABLE FOR ANY DAMAGES WHATSOEVER (INCLUDING, WITHOUT LIMITATION, INCIDENTAL AND CONSEQUENTIAL DAMAGES, LOST PROFITS, OR DAMAGES RESULTING FROM LOST DATA OR BUSINESS INTERRUPTION) RESULTING FROM THE USE OR INABILITY TO USE THE WEB SITE AND THE MATERIAL, WHETHER BASED ON WARRANTY, CONTRACT, TORT, OR ANY OTHER LEGAL THEORY, AND WHETHER OR NOT THE COMPANY IS ADVISED OF THE POSSIBILITY OF SUCH DAMAGES.

Links to Other Sites.

The Web Site may contain links to third party web sites. These links are provided solely as a convenience to you and not as an endorsement by the Company of the contents on such third-party Web sites. The Company is not responsible for the content of linked third-party sites and does not make any representations regarding the content or accuracy of materials on such third party Web sites. If you decide to access linked third party Web sites, you do so at your own risk.

No Resale or Unauthorized Commercial Use.

You agree not to resell or assign your rights or obligations under these Term of Use. You also agree not to make any unauthorized commercial use of the Web Site.

Limitation of Liability.

The aggregate liability for the Company to you for all claims arising from the use of the Materials is limited to $1.

Termination.

The Company reserves the right, at its sole discretion, to pursue all of its legal remedies, including but not limited to immediate termination of your registration with or ability to access the Web Site and/or any other service provided to you by the Company, upon any breach by you of these Terms and Conditions or if the Company is unable to verify or authenticate any information you submit to the Web Site registration with or ability to access the Web Site.

Indemnity.

You agree to defend, indemnify, and hold harmless the Company, its officers, directors, employees and agents, from and against any claims, actions or demands, including without limitation reasonable legal and accounting fees, alleging or resulting from your use of the Material or your breach of the terms of these Terms and Conditions. The Company shall provide notice to you promptly of any such claim, suit, or proceeding and shall assist you, at your expense, in defending any such claim, suit or proceeding.

General.

The Company makes no claims that the Materials may be lawfully viewed or downloaded outside of the United States. Access to the Materials may not be legal by certain persons or in certain countries. If you access the Web Site from outside of the United States, you do so at your own risk and are responsible for compliance with the laws of your jurisdiction. These Terms and conditions are governed by the internal substantive laws of the State of New York, without respect to its conflict of laws principles. Jurisdiction for any claims arising under this agreement shall lie exclusively with the state or federal courts within New York, New York. If any provision of these Terms and Conditions are found to be invalid by any court having competent jurisdiction, the invalidity of such provision shall not affect the validity of the remaining provisions of these Terms and Conditions, which shall remain in full force and effect. No waiver of any term of these Terms and Conditions shall be deemed a further or continuing waiver of such term or any other term. Except as expressly provided in additional terms of use for areas of the Web Site a particular "Legal Notice," or Software License or Material on particular Web pages, these Terms and Conditions constitute the entire agreement between you and the Company with respect to the use of Web Site. No changes to these Terms and Conditions shall be made except by a revised posting on this page.

PRIVACY POLICY

The Company recognizes that you are concerned about privacy. We are committed to preserving your privacy and safeguarding your sensitive information. The following statement describes the general information-gathering and usage practices of our sites.

Our staff, contractors, Internet service providers and others involved in this site follow this policy or similarly strict policies regarding your Information.

Disclosure

The Company is committed to fully disclosing our policies regarding the collection, use, maintenance, disclosure and security of personal information obtained from users of our site. The term "personal information" includes a name, address, email address, or any other information which could be used to contact you directly or to identify you personally.

Use and Disclosure Limitations

The Company only uses personal information about its Web site users for specific purposes. We do not share user information with third parties except when we have told users about the disclosures, when we have prior consent, or when required by law.

Use Policy: When the Company gathers personal information from users, we ask for permission first. We also disclose, at the time of collection, how the information will be used by us. Personal information is used for activities such as auto-completion of commonly-used forms and helping us contact you when you solicit information from us.

Disclosure Policy: We do not normally disclose personal information to anyone outside of the Company unless we have previously informed users about the disclosures. However, some data may be used from time to time by outside contractors, including auditors or consultants, to assist us in carrying out necessary financial or operational activities. These uses will be consistent with this privacy policy and all contractors using this potential personal information must agree to safeguard it, to use it only for the authorized purpose, and to return it or destroy it upon completion of the activity.

The Company might be required to disclose personal information in response to a valid legal process such as a subpoena, search warrant or court order.

Although unlikely, it is possible that we may have to make certain disclosures to ensure the security of our Web site, to protect its integrity, or to take precautions against potential liability. In any of these situations, we will take any reasonable steps to limit the scope of the data disclosed.

Web Logs: The Company maintains standard Web logs that record basic information about visitors to our Web site. These logs contain: * The Internet domain from which you came to our Web site. * Your IP address. An IP address is a series of numbers which uniquely identifies your connection to the Internet. Although it is possible in some instances, certain types of IP addresses may be used by interested persons to identify users but we do not attempt to identify users in this way. * The type of browser (e.g., Internet Explorer or Netscape) and operating system (e.g., Windows 98) you use. * The date and time you visited the site, and the pages you saw.

We use Web log information to design our Web site, identify popular features, and in similar ways. We do not try to identify individuals from Web logs or to link Web logs to other user information. However, if someone tries to damage our Web site or use it in an unauthorized or illegal way, we may share Web log information with law enforcement agencies. The Company may provide aggregate information such as the number of users who visit particular pages of the site, or the number of people who link to certain external sites from our site, to other parties.

Changes to Privacy Policy

The Company's features and services will change over time and our information-gathering practices and policies may also change.

While our philosophy of protecting user information from inappropriate uses and disclosures will not change, this policy will be updated occasionally to include any change that materially affects the collection, maintenance, use, or disclosure of personal information.

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