mechanics of bid/offer

How does the bid offer spread get determined in active exchanges? Is it just the buying and selling price/quantity of the last order? If so why not just pay extra buy a share before you sell massive amounts of shares? Do traders look at recent histories of bid/offer to determine if they can completely ignore the current bid offer to make a more reasonable spread

 

i think you're confused the bid is the highest price someone is willing to buy at the ask is the lowest price someone is willing to sell at

if Bob is willing to buy at 5 and sell at 10 Jim is willing to buy at 4 and sell at 11 and George is willing to buy at 6 and sell at 15

bid is 6, ask is 10

i think bid and ask prices are determined by limit orders left with the exchange

the last price executed at is just the current price of whatever you're tracking

 

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