There seems to be a super basic financial literacy and/or tax question at least once a week in this forum. This is amazing considering most people here have taken 3-4 years of university level finance and accounting. How are there not university classes that teach financial literacy? Would be 100x more useful to a college student’s long-term life than half their bullshit finance electives.

 

Completely agreed. The media is part of the problem though by making blanket statements claiming that people's tax rates are going to increase / decrease to x% - no they're not not, it's the marginal tax rate, not an overall rate. Just bullshit spins for more views. I mean I get it, a headline screaming that tax rates are going to be 40% (or whatever #) is more clickable than saying that income in a certain band is going to be taxed at 40% and that the tiers below may not vary much at all.

 

Do you know if you can request that your bonus be withheld differently compared to your normal paycheck? If I know my marginal tax rate is going to be 24% can I tell payroll to only withhold the bonus at that number? Or is it a function of the system they use that they can only do the top bracket 36% because the system assumes you make that each paycheck. 

Another question, can you counter this throughout the year by claiming extra allowances to get more money on each base paycheck because you know your bonus will be over withheld?

 
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You generally can't ask payroll to only deduct a certain amount, though there may be some nuance here that I am unaware of.

Regarding your second question, this is typically the way it's done so as to not get a tax refund (giving the government an interest free loan). It should be trivially easy for a banker to create an excel spreadsheet to estimate annual federal (and state/local for that matter) tax liability after accounting for standard deduction, 401(k), healthcare, IRA and/or any other potential deductions and credits (including, but not limited to, dependent care, FSA, HSA, child tax credits, etc.). I actually have a spreadsheet where I forecast my next three years accounting for all items including SS and medicare, under the assumption I stay in banking. By having a good estimate of your EoY liability, you can claim additional allowances for each paycheck throughout the year and pay very close to what you'll actually owe.

 

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