The Robots Are Coming for Wall Street

Mod Note (Andy): this was originally posted on 2/27/16. Make sure to check out the comment by @APAE".

An article from The New York Times has been stirring quite a buzz in the industry today:

NY Times / "Robots Are Coming for Wall Street"

From the an insider's perspective, what does everything think of the automation of jobs in the financial services sector over the next few decades? Which will be the first to go? Which will be there regardless of technological innovation? Within each sector of the finance, which roles are necessary and which will thrive?

 

in complete agreement with you sir...computers are just stupid machines that still need humans to operate them (as of now), however I have talked to a CIO of a wealth management company and he said do not pursue trading because it could be the first to go in about 10 yrs

 

At the back of my mind while reading this article I was thinking senior bankers in advisory would surely be the last to go, which is why I was puzzled at this part:

"The next ‘‘tranche,’’ as Nadler puts it, will come from the employees who deal with clients: Soon, sophisticated interfaces will mean that clients no longer feel they need or even want to work through a human being."

I guess the hierarchy would start at VP, while the analyst/associate roles are automated or outsourced.

 
benSM96:

At the back of my mind while reading this article I was thinking senior bankers in advisory would surely be the last to go, which is why I was puzzled at this part:

"The next ''tranche,'' as Nadler puts it, will come from the employees who deal with clients: Soon, sophisticated interfaces will mean that clients no longer feel they need or even want to work through a human being."

I guess the hierarchy would start at VP, while the analyst/associate roles are automated or outsourced.

I'd imagine that comment relates to S&T and PWM. No interface will replace the advice of season investment bankers advising on complex M&A deals any time soon. Run of the mill financings may be easier to automate though.

 
Best Response

I'll paste the core of a long comment I made in another thread (http://www.wallstreetoasis.com/forums/goldmans-new-policy-for-investmen…) and add some further color afterward.

We are no doubt years away. However, it isn't too far out, and regardless, it's hard to speak to timing with any degree of certainty. The exact terminology as it specifically applies to "contained" machine learning (i.e. a system that teaches itself new things but operates within parameters you control) escapes my mind, but the broad term is recursive self-improvement. That refers to a machine coding upon itself in ever increasingly better ways; the leaps and bounds quickly create a hockey stick-style trajectory of improvement.

I have invested in (and passed on) several young tech companies working on problems like these.

If what we're discussing in 2015 vs. in 2002 is inches apart, what we'll be discussing in 2018 is yards apart from now, and 2020 vs. 2018 will be miles. That is the exponential growth trajectory for you.

We are only a matter of years from commercially deployable enterprise SaaS products that will allow an analyst to simply drag and drop three years of 10Qs into the software, let it churn for a minute before returning its first stab at constructing a DCF (while stating a percentage value for its confidence in the accuracy of its work [think of the variation in how companies refer to top-line revenue: "Gross Revenues," "Gross Sales," "Gross Turnover," etc.]), then click through a series of prompts where the system says "Hey, double-check these 17 points where I found an inconsistency" (i.e. it knows EBITDA Margin >100% needs to be reviewed).

Technology like this will be increasingly prevalent across all industries. The future of work is shaping up to be very different than the vast majority of people think.

In banking, rainmakers (the guys who drive deals based on their relationships) are forever safe. No robot can automate that.

The lowest levels of the pyramid (analyst and associate ranks) are where the biggest upheaval will be. You'll no longer need a tired, stressed horde of Ivy League-educated zombies clicking feverishly through Powerpoint to format slides for the majority of their 85-hour work weeks. Software will get childishly simple to use; even the fat-fingered Managing Director McFuckStick will be able to glide his fingers across desktop touchscreen displays as easily as your three-year-old nephew plays with mommy's iPad.

You'll still need people around, for sure. You just won't have the same amount of busy-work that necessitated large pools of human capital at the junior ranks.

In trading, we'll continue to see electronification. Banks are deeply cutting staff (35% in fixed income at MS?), they see the game changing.

Buy-side firms run lean enough that I don't think there'll be much change. PE firms will still need investment professionals: their time will simply be spent more on value creation on behalf of the portfolio than on process pieces (modeling, presentations) that will be handled easier with more powerful/accessible technology. Hedge funds (with non-quant strategies) won't change too much. VC won't change at all.

In short: the jobs that are heavy on busy-work will dry up. Jobs that require IQ or EQ horsepower won't. The same holds true for all industries, not just finance.

I am permanently behind on PMs, it's not personal.
 

I agree with your comment on banking but that's not a bad thing. So banks don't need to have a large pool of low-level employees but the ones left are doing far more interesting work. It will become more like VC that even junior employees are thinking about industry landscape/new deal oppotunities instead of doing slides and spreadsheet.

 

Looks like we're saying the same thing.

I don't view it as bad. I view it as inevitable, and the people who are left will on average dedicate more of their time to actual value-additive things.

I am permanently behind on PMs, it's not personal.
 

I think our real substitute is not the machine but the small number of Engineers and PhDs having asymmetric knowledge of how to create, operate and control them and replace vast numbers of people. In short like how that article and the book 'Rise of the Robots' says, unlike the Industrial revolution, where multiple jobs were created in the Manufacturing and in the Supply chain, there is now a trend towards consolidation of jobs in the hands of the few. Furthermore, making all the other degrees redundant and forcing the people to study only Engineering/Computers will not help either as the virtual world is a "Red Ocean" it can support only a limited number of firms which leads to limited competitors and finally Oligopoly and the people who are required to work in these smaller firms are lesser than the average for other sectors.

This "Uberization" is going to cause massive social upheaval and an unholy and vicious race to the bottom for scarce jobs. I am not at all optimistic that many newer jobs can be generated even if we train the people.

RiskManager2318 Control over the Money Supply controls the Empire - Nathan Rothschild
 

I'll provide a brief anecdote here, and perhaps someone will find it useful. when I was a student (and I've only just graduated) I decided to pick up a little python, a little R, and eventually a very good knowledge of C++. As I began to explore more complex methodologies for pricing and trading, I realized some of these systems (like artificial neural networks, for example) were incredible pricing tools. When I realized I was actually creating an edge for myself, I of course highlighted those things on my resume and worked on blogs and such with people all around the world on new ideas. Professors knew what I was up to and I worked with them as well.

When I started contacting prop shops, hedge funds, and the usual L/S crowd trying to network, they were all incredibly interested in my programming knowledge. I mean, I am not some genius programmer, but I can hold my own because I know how to blend the science into an art. The point I am trying to convey is that it is a tremendous advantage to program. It is in high demand and even if they don't want you to be an algo, or a quant trader at all, interviewers are still interested. If you can't beat the robots, just join the robots!

Anyway, I can't imagine that the entire finance world will go away as a result of 'robots', but I think some jobs will...

One thing I always found odd in college was that accounting majors always (without fail!) told me that their job couldn't be automated. I would think lower level accounting, which merely references numbers/terms and reconciles accounts, could be automated, but what do I know...if there are any accounting persons here, I would be interested to hear what you think.

-berg

 

For starters for those that didn't actually read the article (which is obvious a lot of people didn't based on the comments) they AI and job loss of more focused on quants and their function of extrapolating data doing statistics. It is not referencing IB.

I tend to agree in that its hard to predict what will really happen but just when people in this board were clamoring several years ago about Analyst/Associate job loss to India outsourcing, I didn't and don't see this happening on a huge scale. Jr. ranks can use these programs to gain efficiency and dedicate their time to more valuable areas.

I've also never agreed with the whole concept of the Sr guys are protected but the Jr guys aren't. In order to become a Sr guy you need to have a been a Jr guy. Jrs not only serve the tool of work out put but its also the training ground for the next generation of leaders. If you replace tons of Jrs with programs no one will be around to become the Srs. You need a large pool for this transition. Not everyone has the desire or skillset to move up the ranks so materially shrinking the Jr rank would have negative consequences. This is a point that I can't reconcile and why I'd be less concerned with massive job loss within lower ranking service provider roles.

 

Another thing to ask is, what happens to consulting firms that tend to work on an hourly billing basis. The whole pricing model is going to have to change if we eliminate the large need for busy work. It's going to be so weird when i get out of the military in 10 years, the whole land scape is going to be completely different. Banking might not even be a viable option when I come out. Maybe i'll be selling the military equipment we need to fight skynet by this point haha.

 

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