SA Recruiting Affecting FT?

So, I'll give you my impression from the "employers" side....

First, I'd not expect firms to keep any records on why a person was not hired, the HR rules are intense and a lot of effort is just to make sure EEOC compliance and other anti-discrimination policies are followed. So commentary on what happened is unlikely to reach any official records. They will of course know you applied, was interviewed, and then not selected... details as to why, not officially retained most likely. 

Second, FT apps and procedures are different and likely screened differently (and possibly by different HR teams depending on the firm, bigger more likely). So, the steps that lead you to getting an interview are not likely to get impacted at all (unless they invent a policy to not consider those passed for SA, which I doubt would ever be the case, but who knows). 

Third, and here is where the fun may come in. The people that interviewed you, could easily remember you, especially if you really made an impression, if they are to interview you again (may or may not happen, crap shoot on this one, but very possible for significant overlap in the hiring unit interviewers). Whether or not your "bombed" interview will matter, totally depends on how that one goes. If you seem 1000x better, maybe the improvement helps you, or perhaps they will be anchored on the prior performance. Personally, I would not worry about it (most likely they forgot you when they didn't select you, memories are short when not impactful), and just go in and kick ass. If it really is the same interviewer you "bombed" with, you could attempt to "acknowledge" it while demonstrating how much better/more comfortable you are. Personally, the self-awareness would impress me, beats going with the "I can't believe you passed on me last year, you dummies better not make that same mistake this time" attitude. 

Finally, did you really "bomb" or just weren't top of game? I suspect you were not as bad as you think (but, maybe you were, I can't really tell). Interviewing interns who are legit college juniors is a grab bag... some are so fucking cocky you just want to eject them out the window, some are so nervous and shy you think they may have peed themselves, and a few actually do a decent/okay job. The bar is low at this stage, you are not a career professional. So, bottom line, unless your pants really fell down or you pronounced the boss's name like a curse word or something else really, really memorable, I would not worry about this at all.