Credit Memorandum

A document that outlines the details of a credit transaction

Author: Laila Al-Eisawi
Laila Al-Eisawi
Laila Al-Eisawi
I completed my Bachelor of Arts in Economics at New York University Abu Dhabi where I got the opportunity to explore various courses within Economic Growth, Development, Behavioral, and other areas with applications to the real world. My course experience and internships have helped me grow and develop my presentation and writing, analytical,
Reviewed By: Josh Pupkin
Josh Pupkin
Josh Pupkin
Private Equity | Investment Banking

Josh has extensive experience private equity, business development, and investment banking. Josh started his career working as an investment banking analyst for Barclays before transitioning to a private equity role Neuberger Berman. Currently, Josh is an Associate in the Strategic Finance Group of Accordion Partners, a management consulting firm which advises on, executes, and implements value creation initiatives and 100 day plans for Private Equity-backed companies and their financial sponsors.

Josh graduated Magna Cum Laude from the University of Maryland, College Park with a Bachelor of Science in Finance and is currently an MBA candidate at Duke University Fuqua School of Business with a concentration in Corporate Strategy.

Last Updated:October 25, 2023

What is a Credit Memorandum?

A credit memorandum is a document that outlines the details of a credit transaction. It is one of many documents accountants use to facilitate transactions on credit.

A credit memorandum is a valuable tool for businesses and organizations that engage in credit sales or lending. As such, it provides a transaction record and is a crucial tool for accountants.

In a credit transaction, a customer buys goods or services on credit. This means they will complete the payment for their purchases later. 

The credit memorandum serves as documentation of this transaction and contains information about the customer, the goods or services purchased, and the terms of the credit agreement. It is sent from a seller to a buyer after an invoice for a purchase is sent out. 

Keeping a record of the transaction with the important details helps ensure that all parties involved understand the terms of the agreement and can manage effectively.

A credit memorandum, or credit memo for short, can reduce the price of a good or service or eliminate its cost. When a seller sends a credit memo, the document is put towards the existing balance on a buyer’s account to lower the total number. 

A credit memorandum is different from a refund. When a customer receives a refund for the purchase of a particular item, that customer receives actual money back from the seller.

Understanding Credit Memorandum

A credit memorandum includes many important details about the credit transaction between a given buyer and seller. 

Most credit memos include the purchase order number (or PO number), payment and billing conditions, date of purchase, and shipping address. 

They also include the agreement terms, such as the payment schedule and any interest or fees associated with the credit. This ensures everyone, both the customer and the seller/business, understand the conditions and can plan how to move forward. 

In addition, there are details relating to the transaction, such as a list of the items purchased, the prices at which they were bought, and the quantities of each good or service. 

The customer’s name and contact details are essential to recording the transaction appropriately. It also helps trace the transaction back to the consumer if needed. Credit memos also often describe the reason for issuance.

All of the details outlined above are essential in aiding a seller in keeping track of inventory and credit transactions. 

Note

The credit memo acts as a proof of record for the transaction, which is beneficial in many ways. For example, it can help resolve conflicts between the buyer and seller regarding paying or highlight one’s compliance with accounting principles.

Why are Credit Memorandums Issued?

Credit memos are important for the accounting and record-keeping of credit transactions, and they may be issued for many reasons:

  1. It helps accountants make the necessary adjustments to a business’s financial books and accounts. 
  2. It serves as a way to inform or promise the buyer that a certain amount of money will be returned or adjusted in the next transaction if they collaborate on the terms and time frame, such as every month.
  3. It becomes an important document when a buyer returns the item they bought to the seller. This could be because of a defect or problem detected, the product is the incorrect size or color, or the buyer changed their mind about it.
  4. It becomes an important document to refer to when price changes occur. 

For example, a buyer may have purchased the product one day before the price was marked down 20 percent. The seller can issue a credit memo or the gap between the two prices. 

Note

Regardless of the reason or circumstances surrounding the situation, credit memos become an important part of credit transactions when they occur and in the future.

Credit Memorandum FAQs

Researched and authored by Laila Al-Eisawi | LinkedIn

Reviewed and edited by Parul Gupta | LinkedIn

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