Technical question: modeling NOLs

Hi all! I'm trying to work through modeling an LBO but am stuck on modeling NOLs. Why is a change in an NOL modeled as the minimum of EBT, the beginning NOL balance, and the recognition % of equity price?

Any help/intuition as to why this is the case would be highly appreciated, I've been racking my brain for a day and still can't grasp it.

5 Comments
 
Best Response

The IRS wants to prevent profitable companies from buying unprofitable companies solely for their unutilized NOLs as there are huge tax savings from utilizing those NOLs. Therefore if you've acquirored a company you can't deduct more than the Equity value * IRS long-term rate (around 1.8 - 2.0% currently I believe). This is the maximum amount of NOL you can utilize in a given year. Obviously if you have less EBT than your NOL balance or what the IRS says you can deduct then you're limited to that minimum of those amounts. Any unused amount can be carry forward for x amount of years (Don't know off the top of my head). There's also rules about built-in gains regarding the FMV of assets at acquistion, but that's likely too in the weeds.

Hope this helps.

 

Impedit voluptatibus quis tenetur rerum qui vitae. Et velit fugit aliquid eius suscipit ut. Vero autem asperiores vitae nobis consequuntur. At fugit eligendi enim voluptatibus accusantium.

Quia alias totam sed facilis. A dolor aut labore quis doloribus. Mollitia rerum assumenda laudantium voluptatem eligendi ullam consequatur.

Career Advancement Opportunities

July 2026 Private Equity

  • The Riverside Company 99.6%
  • Blackstone Group 99.3%
  • KKR (Kohlberg Kravis Roberts) 98.9%
  • Warburg Pincus 98.5%
  • Vista Equity Partners 98.1%

Overall Employee Satisfaction

July 2026 Private Equity

  • Blackstone Group 99.6%
  • KKR (Kohlberg Kravis Roberts) 99.2%
  • The Riverside Company 98.9%
  • Ardian 98.5%
  • Starwood Capital Group 98.1%

Professional Growth Opportunities

July 2026 Private Equity

  • Bain Capital 99.6%
  • The Riverside Company 99.3%
  • Blackstone Group 98.9%
  • Starwood Capital Group 98.5%
  • Vista Equity Partners 98.1%

Total Avg Compensation

July 2026 Private Equity

  • Principal (9) $653
  • Director/MD (24) $547
  • Vice President (99) $363
  • 3rd+ Year Associate (104) $281
  • 2nd Year Associate (235) $272
  • 1st Year Associate (411) $229
  • 3rd+ Year Analyst (33) $157
  • 2nd Year Analyst (97) $134
  • 1st Year Analyst (272) $124
  • Intern/Summer Associate (38) $81
  • Intern/Summer Analyst (356) $61
notes
16 IB Interviews Notes

“... there’s no excuse to not take advantage of the resources out there available to you. Best value for your $ are the...”

Leaderboard

1
redever's picture
redever
99.2
2
BankonBanking's picture
BankonBanking
99.0
3
Secyh62's picture
Secyh62
99.0
4
kanon's picture
kanon
99.0
5
CompBanker's picture
CompBanker
98.9
6
DrApeman's picture
DrApeman
98.9
7
Betsy Massar's picture
Betsy Massar
98.9
8
dosk17's picture
dosk17
98.9
9
GameTheory's picture
GameTheory
98.9
10
Linda Abraham's picture
Linda Abraham
98.8
success
From 10 rejections to 1 dream investment banking internship

“... I believe it was the single biggest reason why I ended up with an offer...”