Industry sector in banking

When you say "industry" I assume you are referring to the Industrials group.

1. Not sure what you're asking here.
2. Salary is the same for anyone with the same title in any other coverage group. If you are an Analyst, it doesn't matter what group you're in, you're getting the same salary. The only variable would be the bonus, and that is not based on any element of the group except for the strength of dealflow. If the MDs are good and win mandates, there will be a lot of business and that means big bonuses. If the opposite is true, bonuses are smaller.
3. You can exit to cleantech PE funds, VCs, or even consulting.
4. It is not so much about which group you come from as it is the quality of the dealflow you've seen, who you have worked closely with that can write strong recommendations on your behalf, and what you do outside of the office (community service, leadership, civic engagement, travel) that will fill out your resume and help you write essays. Someone from Industrials who executes on that better than the guy from M&A is getting into a strong b-school.