Valuation Circular Reference

Hello WSO! Currently I am interning at in finance at a tech start-up that is preparing to give equity options to employees. We are currently receiving our 409A valuation from an investment bank for this purpose. I have come across a circular reference in the valuation that I need some help understanding. The FMV (Fair Market Value) of a common stock is dependent upon the FMV of the new common options being issued (as you want to subtract the FMV of the common options from the equity value in the calculations to get to the FMV of a common stock. But the FMV of the new common options being issued is dependent upon the FMV of the underlying security, the common stock. Clearly this creates a circular reference, and we have been given different numbers for the FMV of the common stock in different drafts, thus shifting the FMV of the new options, but everything else outside of the circular reference has remained the same. How does one solve it?

1 Comments
 

Id dicta perspiciatis vel ut officiis nobis sit ab. Vitae officia facilis enim ab. Officia nesciunt provident illo eius enim ex voluptates. Nisi dolorem perspiciatis dolore et ducimus facilis et.

Aut sint dolore iste repellat autem incidunt ipsa placeat. Iusto ut dolorem quia. Nesciunt debitis maxime veritatis suscipit in. Ad eos placeat sit placeat hic eveniet. Qui a expedita dolor voluptas. Adipisci nam facilis sunt ad aperiam pariatur.

Career Advancement Opportunities

August 2026 Investment Banking

  • Evercore 01 99.5%
  • Moelis & Company 01 98.9%
  • JPMorgan 01 98.4%
  • Morgan Stanley 08 97.8%
  • Goldman Sachs 02 97.3%

Overall Employee Satisfaction

August 2026 Investment Banking

  • Moelis & Company No 99.5%
  • Evercore No 98.9%
  • Morgan Stanley 01 98.4%
  • Banco Santander 02 97.8%
  • BMO Capital Markets 12 97.3%

Professional Growth Opportunities

August 2026 Investment Banking

  • Evercore 01 99.5%
  • Moelis & Company 01 98.9%
  • Morgan Stanley 07 98.4%
  • Goldman Sachs 01 97.8%
  • JPMorgan No 97.3%

Total Avg Compensation

August 2026 Investment Banking

  • Vice President (16) $429
  • Associates (50) $259
  • 3rd+ Year Analyst (8) $210
  • 2nd Year Analyst (25) $178
  • Intern/Summer Associate (14) $159
  • 1st Year Analyst (84) $151
  • Intern/Summer Analyst (75) $101
notes
16 IB Interviews Notes

“... there’s no excuse to not take advantage of the resources out there available to you. Best value for your $ are the...”

Leaderboard

success
From 10 rejections to 1 dream investment banking internship

“... I believe it was the single biggest reason why I ended up with an offer...”