Why is the chain of trading so long? Why can't individuals trade with investment banks?

Hi all,

This is the chain of events (as I understand it, please correct me if I'm wrong) that takes place if I were to place a trade through a retail trading account.

I place an buy 1 share at market price order for stock A on a online brokerage account. I am now long 1 share in stock A. My broker receives this order and sells me 1 share at market price of stock A. My broker is now short 1 share in stock A. My broker does one of three things. Either she matches me with someone who is selling her 1 share in stock A (to neutralise her position) or she goes to another broker and buys 1 share in stock A to neutralise her position, or she buys a share in stock A from an investment bank. In the case that she buys a share in stock A from an investment bank, the investment bank then books this trade directly with the stock exchange.

I am most interested in the final option she has. Brokers such as TradeKing or E-Trade have the option of calling investment banks and purchasing shares from them. This is an option that retail traders do not have, for example, I cannot call Morgan Stanley and ask a trader to sell me 1 share in stock A.

So, why can I not do this? Why do investment banks not allow me to place trades directly with them? This would kill the brokers and lower commissions for traders.

Just wondering, that's all.

Thank you!

2 Comments
 
Best Response

What follows is only one reason why middle men exist. Think about how many retail investors there are and then about how many people at investment banks there are taking orders. Do the numbers seem grossly asymmetric? They should. Middlemen pool orders from retail customers and purchase larger lots of securities. This vastly cuts down on processing time for investment banks and ensures that their highly paid staff are not inundated with calls for single shares and other nonsense. So to recap, middlemen reduce investment banks' staffing costs and opportunity costs associated with handling small orders.

 

Ipsa aliquam suscipit nobis. Vero et dolores minima repellendus quis vitae. Repudiandae pariatur repellendus et. Eligendi facere aperiam dolorem debitis sunt eligendi dolores.

Sequi tempore et eum nostrum voluptatum. Aut rem quos hic velit voluptate voluptas.

Quidem facilis omnis iste ipsam. Quae natus rerum placeat non dicta ut. Reiciendis quaerat cupiditate illo vero. Quis quaerat id sint officia aut. Enim voluptates in pariatur est dolorem.

Necessitatibus dolor maxime quidem dolorum esse cupiditate velit numquam. Ut reiciendis exercitationem ipsa ipsa debitis. Minima repellat dicta voluptatum omnis.

Career Advancement Opportunities

July 2026 Investment Banking

  • Evercore 01 99.4%
  • Moelis & Company 01 98.9%
  • JPMorgan 01 98.3%
  • Guggenheim Partners 01 97.7%
  • Morgan Stanley 07 97.1%

Overall Employee Satisfaction

July 2026 Investment Banking

  • Moelis & Company No 99.4%
  • Morgan Stanley 02 98.9%
  • Evercore 01 98.3%
  • BMO Capital Markets 12 97.7%
  • Banco Santander 01 97.1%

Professional Growth Opportunities

July 2026 Investment Banking

  • Evercore 01 99.4%
  • Moelis & Company 01 98.9%
  • Morgan Stanley 06 98.3%
  • Goldman Sachs 01 97.7%
  • JPMorgan 01 97.1%

Total Avg Compensation

July 2026 Investment Banking

  • Vice President (15) $434
  • Associates (46) $258
  • 3rd+ Year Analyst (8) $210
  • 2nd Year Analyst (22) $179
  • Intern/Summer Associate (13) $156
  • 1st Year Analyst (79) $150
  • Intern/Summer Analyst (73) $101
notes
16 IB Interviews Notes

“... there’s no excuse to not take advantage of the resources out there available to you. Best value for your $ are the...”

Leaderboard

1
redever's picture
redever
99.2
2
kanon's picture
kanon
99.0
3
Secyh62's picture
Secyh62
99.0
4
BankonBanking's picture
BankonBanking
99.0
5
dosk17's picture
dosk17
98.9
6
Betsy Massar's picture
Betsy Massar
98.9
7
DrApeman's picture
DrApeman
98.9
8
GameTheory's picture
GameTheory
98.9
9
CompBanker's picture
CompBanker
98.9
10
bolo up's picture
bolo up
98.8
success
From 10 rejections to 1 dream investment banking internship

“... I believe it was the single biggest reason why I ended up with an offer...”