Development vs. Acquisitions

Could someone go into a bit of detail of how different the proforma model may be for underwriting a large multi-family development compared to doing acquisitions where you are solely buying the already developed asset? What other forms of information would you be looking at? I know this is broad but looking for any insight

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Biggest differences are going to be:

  • Including an full fledged development budget rather than maybe just a couple capex items

  • Running the development costs through the cash flow based on when you think they're likely to occur (some people like to do a bell curve or s curve here)

  • Modelling the sources and uses such that the debt begins to draw based on costs incurred (typically with all the equity/mezz going in first)

  • Including an operating deficit function within the development budget so that you're setting aside a line item for the first few months where operations are yielding negative cash flow

  • Modelling an iterative interest reserve within the budget for the construction debt (you'll want a circ breaker here). Then you'll usually model an interim income offset against the interest reserve - such that any positive net cash flow that occurs during the construction period first goes to offset interest expense, then goes to knock down the debt or offset debt proceeds

  • Underwriting the actual lease-up/absorption of the property - e.g. you're absorbing x units per month with some % of income abated due to concessions, meanwhile some of your expenses are ramping up based on occupancy

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