An LBO interview question

How to best answer this question in an interview? Thanks!

Company has 100 EBITDA in year 0, and is expected to grow EBITDA to 120 in year 5 and decreases debt by 25 each year. Assume the entry multiple is 5x EV/EBITDA and exit multiple is 5.5x. How much additional equity value is created? How much does EBITDA growth, multiple expansion and de-leverage contribute respectively?

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Break it down into three steps:

  1. Paying down debt increases equity on a $1 to $1 ratio -> If you pay down $25m of debt each year = $25m x 5 years = $125m
  2. Multiple expansion -> Exit multiple expands by .5x = $120m x .5x = $60m
  3. EBITDA growth -> EBITDA grows by $20m = $20m x 5 = $100m

$125m + $60m +$100m = $285m in equity value created

Entry EV = $100 x 5x = $500m

Exit EV = $120 x 5.5x = $660m 

$660m - $500m = $160m + $125m in debt reduction = $285m in equity value created

 

Thanks for your detailed reply :)

What confused me in the first place is the equity value created by multiple expansion. Why is it not $100* .5x? (the underlying assumption here is how much value created if only the multiple expands and no changes in EBITDA and debt). Thanks!

 

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