Buyout Debt Levels?

We were having this discussion internally today and I thought I would ask the broader community.

Let's say you have two companies, one in the Upper Mid-Market (A) and one in the Lower-Mid Market (B).

Company A has an EV/EBITDA of 18x and is CAPEX heavy so ~50% FCF conversion. Of the 18x, it has an aggressive gearing ratio of 7x Net Debt/EBITDA and 11x Equity (39% LTV).

Company B has an EV/EBITDA of 6x is CAPEX light with 95% FCF conversion. Of the 6x, it has 3.5x Net Debt/EBITDA and 2.5x Equity (58% LTV).

Company A has less cash and more aggressive leverage but assuming its valuation is actually reasonable (comps are at ~24x+) its overall LTV is lower. Company B is a smaller business with less turns of debt and higher cash conversion to support the debt load but the debt as a % of EV is much higher.

In these instances, how do you feel about debt levels? Are you more concerned with cash generation and how many turns there are of debt in comparison to EBITDA or are you more concerned with overall LTV? Curious to get peoples opinions.

11 Comments
 

This is a bizarre discussion without some key details. Are you asking from the perspective of the equityholder or debtholders? 

Hard to evaluate the debt without some details assuming the same yield? Knowing nothing, my guess is company A has 1L/Unsecured or 1L/2L debt and company B is all 1L. Company B 1L pricing is definitely higher (ie riskier) assuming parameters above. 3.5x leverage on a 6.0x EV for a company with 95% FCF makes me think its a real turd.

 

Based on the extremely limited info you provided...company A is more of a concern. Leverage is a better metric to focus on, not LTV (though somewhat tied)...if multiples compress and/or earnings stagnate/decline...you're gonna have a tough time getting that paper refinanced. Walking a real tight line with such elevated leverage out of the gate...better be sure no speed bumps are hit. With Company B that is not as much an issue. 

 

Culpa aliquid possimus eos nulla harum est tenetur. Qui inventore facilis optio totam minus omnis. Quisquam sunt aperiam laboriosam voluptatum consequatur cumque provident.

Aut nisi in suscipit doloribus tempore quo. Est dicta itaque id dolores. Quis aspernatur voluptatibus accusamus. Consequatur est eum tenetur ut excepturi. Iste est ab quis illo maiores.

Eligendi eius quos ratione alias dolorem architecto rem. Veniam rerum omnis dolor quidem inventore. Quod qui consequuntur magnam a maxime.

Career Advancement Opportunities

June 2026 Private Equity

  • The Riverside Company 99.6%
  • KKR (Kohlberg Kravis Roberts) 99.2%
  • Blackstone Group 98.9%
  • Warburg Pincus 98.5%
  • Bain Capital 98.1%

Overall Employee Satisfaction

June 2026 Private Equity

  • KKR (Kohlberg Kravis Roberts) 99.6%
  • The Riverside Company 99.2%
  • Ardian 98.9%
  • Blackstone Group 98.5%
  • Starwood Capital Group 98.1%

Professional Growth Opportunities

June 2026 Private Equity

  • Bain Capital 99.6%
  • The Riverside Company 99.2%
  • Blackstone Group 98.9%
  • Starwood Capital Group 98.5%
  • KKR (Kohlberg Kravis Roberts) 98.1%

Total Avg Compensation

June 2026 Private Equity

  • Principal (9) $653
  • Director/MD (24) $547
  • Vice President (97) $363
  • 3rd+ Year Associate (104) $281
  • 2nd Year Associate (234) $272
  • 1st Year Associate (411) $229
  • 3rd+ Year Analyst (33) $157
  • 2nd Year Analyst (95) $134
  • 1st Year Analyst (271) $124
  • Intern/Summer Associate (37) $80
  • Intern/Summer Analyst (351) $61
notes
16 IB Interviews Notes

“... there’s no excuse to not take advantage of the resources out there available to you. Best value for your $ are the...”

Leaderboard

1
redever's picture
redever
99.2
2
BankonBanking's picture
BankonBanking
99.0
3
kanon's picture
kanon
99.0
4
Secyh62's picture
Secyh62
99.0
5
DrApeman's picture
DrApeman
98.9
6
Betsy Massar's picture
Betsy Massar
98.9
7
CompBanker's picture
CompBanker
98.9
8
dosk17's picture
dosk17
98.9
9
GameTheory's picture
GameTheory
98.9
10
Jamoldo's picture
Jamoldo
98.8
success
From 10 rejections to 1 dream investment banking internship

“... I believe it was the single biggest reason why I ended up with an offer...”