Simplest way to think about WACC

Hey everyone,

I’m fairly new to finance and came across the WACC concept recently and was wondering if anyone could provide some clarity on what it actually represents. I know fundamentally it’s the minimum required rate of return of debt and equity providers that fund the net operating assets that produce the cash flows. But can someone please help me understand whether the UFCF of a business today also represent the amount of funding debt and equity holders are willing to provide to “buy” those uncertain cash flows? Elsewise how do you all conceptually think of WACC other than it just representing the discount rate- many thanks!

11 Comments
 

mind if I ask about your background (are you a prospect or do you work in the industry lol just to make me feel better)

 

Hey, not sure if this is the response your looking for since I’m confused by your question lol. The weighted average cost of capital just represents how much interest expense you have to pay back to these debt holders that issued you the debt and then for the equity providers they obviously demand a minimum return for investing into your company, whether it’s through stock, appreciation or dividends issued. If not, most likely, the equity investors will sell their stock as they are not satisfied with the amount of return they are receiving when investing into that company. Not sure if this was what you were looking for, but this is how I look at it from a simplistic point of view. Let me know if I am right just because I am currently recruiting for summer analyst 2027 positions.

 

is the blended minimum return that providers of capitals require for the company financed with the current capital structure

you then sum 1+WACC because the WACC, being a return, also represents the time value of money that you discount

if you change the capital structure, your WACC will also change, however, it is assumed that the capital structure that the current company has is the optimal one, but no one is stopping you test other capital structures

incentives trumph ethics
 
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Fundamentally, investing involves taking some level of risk with the expectation of some level of reward that is generally proportional to the level of risk. You wouldn't take more risk than you need to without additional rewards. 

If a businessman approaches you and says, "Hey, give me $100 today, and I'll give you $105 at the end of next year." Is that a good deal? 

Well, probably not. You can invest in the S&P 500 and get a ~7% return ($107), so you lose $2 in "opportunity cost" for investing in that businessman's venture. 

Similarly, I can invest in your business, or I can invest in a basket of public stocks and bonds with the same risk profile as your business. Therefore, if the S&P 500 generates 7% return, then I want more than that for investing in your risky venture. 

How much more and how much riskier? That's what WACC is trying to estimate. Your business is funded by either equityholders (who bought into your company after considering the above) and debtholders (who lent to your company after considering the above), meaning they've essentially "underwritten" the risk in your business in its current state (otherwise, they would've sold). 

Therefore, I calculate WACC to estimate their blended return as a proxy for  the return that I'm losing out on by investing in your business instead of in a public basket of stocks and bonds with the same risk profile. 

hardstuck in IB
 

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