May 03, 2024
8 Comments
 
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I’d define NAV lending as a true last resort product.

Imagine you are a PE fund you have 5-10 portcos. You are unable to raise capital from any of them (divi recap, sale) so you take a loan against them, to provide LPs with better IRR (and clearly yourself so you might have a tiny hope of fundraising the next vintage). The LP has no say in this process and might get pissed but you don’t care because it’s your only chance. Those LP proceeds are recallable.

Imagine you are a lender. Rather than doing a pref to every single portco in the PE portfolio with proper DD, you package them all up and with a fraction of the effort lend against them in aggregate. You feel good at 20-25% LTV and got low-teen IRRs, but you are kidding yourself. You have no control over the PE strategy on those companies, you sit so junior in the waterfall that you are option value. Congrats.

 

unpacking the above

"you are unable to raise capital from any of them" - may actually be cheaper for the GP to do a NAV financing vs individual opco financing as the lender is financing a basket of 5-10 companies vs a single company 

"so you take a loan against them" - not always, i work in the space and majority is used for M&A at the portco level ( again being a cheaper financing solution). also many lenders are not stupid - use of proceeds is a common q and they may not even extend loans if the use case is to give back to LPs when the underlying portfolio is struggling 

2nd paragraph is more or less correct. but again, if you are lending to a fund, you're relying on sale of a few companies to get repaid. dont need to see 100% realisations across the portfolio 

 

Ok your first point, it’s absolutely cheaper because it’s completely mispriced risk to the benefit of the borrower. The LTV should be calculated for each portco by allocating the NAV loan to portcos: this will make you find out that 20-25% is an illusion.

If GP needs capital for M&A they are able to do it at portco level with lender doing proper DD. The main objective of the product is LP distribution, not M&A.

NAV loans are naturally adversely selecting the worst GPs vs the more aggressive or naive lenders. Bad combo.

 

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