Unitranche clarification

Hey there, 

I am here to ask a clarification about unitranche debt, and why it is gaining so much success over "bank loans" in LBO financing: 

1) Is it really cheaper? From my understanding Unitranche is priced at a weighted average (prolly not that simple) of the interest rates on single tranches, so is it meant to be cheaper just bc of less overhead costs (documentation, legal, time etc.) 

2) I often read about LevFin IB Teams struggling to compete with Private Credit firms in financing takeovers bc of unitranche, but can't also traditional Banks offer unitranche? Is it just bc they prefer to syndicate? 


Any clarification would be highly appreciated. Currently in my last semester at a Master in Finance and haven't gone so much in depth yet. 

 
Most Helpful

1) It can be cheaper - but it depends. All depends on the alternatives. Right now Uni financing is running like S+700bps with ~300bps OID - that's pretty costly with SOFR at 4%+.  It can be quicker than accessing the Institutional Market (TLB/HY) - while the syndication process takes a while, banks can underwrite commitments prior to syndication so from the Sponsor's perspective, I'm not really all too sure it's faster.  There's plenty of Institutional deals that only have one tranche of debt (TLB).  Where I can definitely see the Uni being a faster execution & cheaper is when you have several tranches of debt in the cap stack (1L / 2L / HY, etc.) - that said, when you have these types of cap structures with 3+ different tranches of debt, that's not really the Uni's Target Market.

2)  Banks typically can't/won't hold these highly levered deals on their balance sheet for the most part - it's too costly.  Sure, some banks with hold Term Loan A (generally at least 5% average amort per annum vs. TLB at 1% per annum) debt that is < 4x levered, but these Uni deals typically will have > 5x leverage (depending on rates).  

Also, the Institutional Market typically can only be accessed for $50MM+ EBITDA companies (the more the better). A lot of Uni funds focus on < $30MM EBITDA companies so they fill a void that the Institutional & pro rata Bank Market cannot/will not.

 

Couple thoughts:

Uni execution does not require the premarketing -> ratings -> syndication process that an institutional deal would. In addition, there is no market risk from flex (even if it’s a fully underwritten deal there still is market flex).

There were at least one or two fully levered syndicated unitranches done in 2021 in the software space that went OK, but very much not the norm. Banks don’t want to hold revolver that’s pari passu with debt going that deep. Ratings agencies also like the junior debt cushion of a “normal” tranched structure and syndicated market is very ratings sensitive.

if you have a large financing need for a very strong company, a multi-tranche, multi-currency offering will probably always get you the best execution, but it’s more work.

 

Also, there are very few true unitranches that get done these days. Most deals that people call uni are just super stretch senior. A true uni was originally designed to take away the pain for a borrower of organizing a multi-tranche capital stack. Instead of a borrower having to interact with potentially many different lenders and separate agent lenders with conflicting goals and priorities, the original unitranche deals collapsed that down into one point of contact. Then that one point of contact went behind the scenes and arranged a group of lenders with an agreement among lenders (“AAL”) that allocated the capital structures risk in a more traditional fashion (collateral priority, yields, etc.). Unitranches today are mostly a result of competitive credit markets where lenders just agreed to a very highly levered deal but then don’t also structure or arrange an AAL. 

 

Multiples Financing Structures SlideSolid responses above.

To add some content - I commented on this w/ detailed bullets, URLs, etc

Terrible unformated copy n paste of some of it below, most likely sabotaging this thread tho

comps out there to see examples of structure and pricing, but generally you'll be safe w/:

Unitranche Pricing - Benchmark to start w/

  • L+650 (SOFR+650) 1.00% floor 99.0 OID = 650 + 100 + (100/4) = 775 bps = 7.75%

OID=

  • (Original Issue Discount), or 1% Upfront Fee - whose all in yield is based on a 4 year average life accounting convention - and this portions yield is simply divided by 4 (1.00% / 4 = 0.25% = 25 bps

Amort

  • 1% per year (0.25% per quarter) or 5%/year are safe assumptions - depends honestly on direct lender's trademark go to amort IMO as well as the Company itself. Some direct lenders love the heavy amort. Or as a safe bet just put 2.5% per year and meet in the middle. Just rationalize it out. Just trying to help give ppl baseline numbers to work w/.

Misinformation and false leads and insight all over this post.

  • You'll likely confuse ppl and lead college kids down a rabbit hole researching "credit sculpting" only to have it be an inefficient use of time - at scale…as this is a term in Project Finance only. Literally 1st time ever hearing this term in my entire life. Guys - I know you're trying to be helpful and contribute - but please make sure to double check for accuracy before posting insight, or ask someone in the industry quick

Follow up:

  • Adding in commentary in old Unitranche Post, +cleaned up a bit

Subject:

  • Bifurcated Unitranche Vs 1L/2L

Date:

  • 11/30/2020

URL:

Username:

  • @loanboy043

URL: 

Unitranche (FO/LO) vs. 1L/2L TLB

  • Note: "There's an old post of mine on some unitranche stuff - altho not all 100% accurate when u drill into specifics (I said amort is heavier in unitranche/direct lending - my revised answer is it depends. Sometimes there is no amort! Such as a recurring revenue deal or negative EBITDA company)."Considerations to hit on:-Leverage @ FO/LO, partner w/ banks (who can also provide the Revolver), Intercreditor vs. AAL, No Syndication risk, financial covenants, tenor, prepayment premium, non-sponsor vs. sponsor, non-rated vs. rating, tighter docs (EBITDA add-backs capped) Also - 2L more often seen in Sponsor deals (LBO),  less-often in non-sponsored.  Unitranche - seen in both, but an additional solution in non-sponsored (HPS, Ares, Comvest, Owl Rock). Tenor -  Direct Lending/Unitranche - 5yr / vs. 1L 6-7yr and 2L 7-8yr Financial Covenants (Unitranche - 2+ vs. 1L/2L - cov-lite or middle market 1-2) . Unitranche will have at least 2 covenants , often 3+ depending on how storied the credit
  • (1) Leverage (w/ heavy step-downs - For Exmaple - Manitex - Total Lev: 5.00x at closing, step-downs to 2.85x, for total step-downs of 2.35x turns of lev),
  • 2) FCCR, and often more
  • 3) Secured Lev, Liquidity, etc.) vs. 1L/2L - cov-lite or middle-market will also have covenants, but more often a Total Lev and Interest Cov. ratio, vs. Unitranche less so does Interest Coverage Ratio.

Prepayment penalties -

  • heavier, altho sometimes less-so (but often at least 102, 101 or NC1, 102, 101 to give certainty of ecomomics).

Amort -

  • Depends. 1L: 1%, 2L: None. STANDARD practice Unitranche:  Depends. BESPOKE, CUSTOMIZED amort to Borrower and what the Lender is willing to get done. Many times at least 1%, otherwise 2.5-5%, other times higher. Cerberus deals have annoyingly non-rounding amort that's a pain to spread for comps (4% / 4% / 4% / 4%).

Unitranche (FO/LO) - leverage @  attach point -(2.0 / 4.0x) - where banks can get approved + direct lenders can boost returns meet their hurdle rate

Unitranche - bank such as PNC, Wells, CapOne, often partner w/  Institutional Lender - often they've done deals w/ them in the past and will see eye to eye on the docs, structure

Intercreditor Agreement vs. Agreeement Among Lenders

intercreditor Agreement (1L/2L), with separate Loan Agreements -  1L CA + 2L CA = 3 legal docs Agreement Among Lenders (AAL) + CA = 2 legal docs(2) Follow-up Questions –User: Intern in PELBOs. Date 12/1/2020

URL: 

Intercreditor Agreement vs AAL:

what are the implications of 1 additional legal doc? Does it slow down the process? Does it make a huge difference?

Advantages of Unitranches

  • Unitranches provide "one-stop" financing for the entire transaction with a perceived lower execution risk and more efficient closing. Borrower is typically negotiating with 1 lead lender vs. 1L/2L – 2 sets of lenders  (each with their own loan documentation and diverse interests). Uni's don't have delays associated w/ lenders in different credit facilities having to complete separate due diligence. Unitranches also usually have no delays associated with syndication, and they are not accompanied by the baggage of flex rights and other syndication provisions. There is a single set of loan documents in unitranches. Thus, there is one set of covenants (including financial and reporting covenants) for the borrower to negotiate and monitor. This also means that the borrower has only one interest payment and one amortization payment. From the borrower's perspective, unitranches can be easier to administer on a post­closing basis given that there is one agent administering the debt and one set of covenants to address.Select
  • Disadv.
  • - Uni'sAALs are complicated. Many of the provisions are much more complicated than analogous provisions in intercreditor agreements given that there is 1 agent, 1 set, of covenants, 1 lien, and 1 set of loan documents (which loan documents have their own voting, exercise of remedies, and assignment provisions that need to be synchronized with the AAL). If the parties cannot agree on the precedent, the negotiations can be difficult and in some cases protracted. Additionally, the lender with the negotiating leverage in the unitranche is often the lender who originated the deal or who will hold the larger amount of debt. This can lead to AAL provisions that are disadvantageous, particularly in a bankruptcy or work­out scenario, to the lender without the negotiating leverage. (Paul Hastings, 2013)Intercreditor Agreements Primer (careful – sourced UK thought leadership, but still should be helpful Intercreditor agreements are typically used where there is more than one secured lender to a group. Unsecured lenders may become a party to the ICA but only to confirm their debt ranks behind all the secured lenders' claims. The primary purpose of an ICA is to ensure that each type of debt in a deal bears a risk commensurate with its pricing. The key provisions of the ICA are briefly: • the ranking of claims and distribution of enforcement proceeds according to the payment waterfall (payment cascade is a more accurate description) • specifying the 'instructing group' i.e. which party controls enforcement and the enforcement strategy • enforcement standstills (these apply to lenders who are outside the instructing group and are designed to give the 'instructing group' time to effect the enforcement) • the 'intercreditor release mechanism' permits the agent to release security and claims of the lenders to enable the security agent to maximize disposal proceeds by realizing the assets free of security, guarantees and all claims • the option to purchase is designed to protect junior lenders and gives them the right to acquire the senior debt for a make- whole and thus gain control of the debtor • restrictions on payments to junior creditors (payment stop notices). Note these tend not to apply in unitranche deals. Simply put, the role of an ICA outside the US is to protect the ranking of senior secured lenders vis-à-vis other more junior lenders, both pre and post distress. Against this background, ICAs incorporate some of the key features available from Chapter 11 in the US; in particular the 'Absolute Priority' rule (reflected in the payment and proceeds waterfall) and the ability to sell assets free of collateral under s363 of the Bankruptcy Code (reflected in 'intercreditor release mechanism'). Whilst there is an intercreditor template produced by the Loan Market Association (LMA) and precedent transactions are influential, each ICA is ultimately a commercially negotiated document between different parties.

Unitranche vs. 1L/2L

  • -limited # of parties larger DDTLs - important for borrowers with tuck-in acquisition strategy -no intercreditor complexity (AAL) -higher WA cost of debt than 1L/2L (often) - varies tho -limited investor base -not as receptive to repricing compared to syndicated 1L harder to get cov-lite structure tenor: 5yr vs. 1L 7yr Ratings - 1L  TLB / 2L -- need ratings (CLOs - largest investor, need a rating). Non-rated deals - typically add a premium to pricing of ~50-75 bps for NR/NR, altho depends on deal (illiquid, smaller investor universe). 1L / 2L - slightly more ardous execution process - syndication requires creating Lender Pres, CIM, and RAP if rated.DDTLs w/ Direct Lenders:While direct lenders are particularly sensitive to the terms under which additional debt may be incurred, they are, especially for borrowers with an acquisitive investment thesis, often willing to provide significant committed post-closing incremental financing in the form of delayed draw term loan commitments. While this feature is available in the BSL market, the conditions are typically more restrictive – for example, limited to funding specifically identified acquisitions that are scheduled to close within a relatively short period (typically six to 12 months following the initial funding) – and it is still generally disfavored by institutional lenders seeking the yield certainty of fully funded investments.

Selected Challenges of Direct Lending

  • 1)Revolvers - fund on short term notice a borrower's desire for flexible and readily accessible revolving credit and letters of credit. This ability has long been a mainstay and competitive strength of commercial banks, and while many direct lenders have made strides in providing this critical function, it still represents a challenge to their ability to compete in this part of the financing market. In particular, direct lenders historically – and, in certain cases, still – fund borrowings by calling capital from their investors and/or borrowing under fund-level credit facilities. The time it takes for lenders to do so, however, may be inconsistent with a borrower's desire for funding on short notice. More recently, direct lenders have attempted to mitigate this disadvantage by restructuring their balance sheets to ensure that cash is available in order to make revolving loans on short notice and finding creative ways to issue letters of credit, either directly or through an arrangement with an acceptable third  party provider.

2. Non-rated vs ratings: do you mean unitranche loans don't need to be rated vs 1L/2L must get ratings?

Yes

3. Higher prepayment penalty: what's 102/101/NC1?

  • Answer (@loanboy043)3. "Prepayment Premium" /  Call protection  - explanationTerm Loan A - no penalty 1st lien TLB - 101 soft call only in repricings for 6 months 2nd lien TLB - 102, 101 Unitranche - 102, 101 (minimum), often heavier prepayment penalties Example: NC1, 104, 103, 102, 101 (Non-call - 0 to year 1, 4% fee - Y1-2, 3%, 2%, 1%) see language below -n after NC1, as part of definition of:"Prepayment Premium"
  • (ii) if such Prepayment Event occurs on or after the 12-month anniversary of the Closing Date but prior to the date that is 24 months after the Closing Date, a prepayment premium equal to 4.00% of the outstanding Loan Amount subject to the Prepayment Event; (iii) if such Prepayment Event occurs on or after the 24-month anniversary of the Closing Date but prior to the date that is 36 months after the Closing Date, a prepayment premium equal to 3.00% of the outstanding Loan Amount subject to the Prepayment Event;
  • (iv) if such Prepayment Event occurs on or after the 36-month anniversary of the Closing Date but prior to the date that is 48 months after the Closing Date, a prepayment premium equal to 2.00% of the outstanding Loan Amount subject to the Prepayment Event; and
  • (v) if such Prepayment Event occurs on or after the 48-month anniversary of the Closing Date, a prepayment premium equal to 1.00% of the outstanding Loan Amount subject to the Prepayment Event (such amounts described in clauses (ii), (iii), (iv) and (v) are herein referred to as the "Repayment Premium").

4. Which one has a higher attach point?

  • skipped. too late at night rn, will follow-up

5. Could you explain the step-down a bit more in terms of multiples?

  • I've only seen it in % before so bit lost on that example (Manitex - Total Lev: 5.00x at closing, step-downs to 2.85x, for total step-downs of 2.35x turns of lev)5. Financial Covenants (step-downs)Example below(b) Leverage Ratio. Maintain as of the end of each fiscal quarter, a ratio (the "Leverage Ratio") of Funded Debt, calculated as of such date, to EBITDA, measured for the period of four fiscal quarters then ended, of not greater than the ratios set forth below for the applicable fiscal quarter then ending:Fiscal Quarter Ending /  Maximum Leverage RatioMarch 31, 2017 and June 30, 2017 5.00 to 1.00 September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2017 4.75 to 1.00 March 31, 2018 through and includingDecember 31, 2018 4.00 to 1.00 March 31, 2019 through and including December 31, 2019 3.50 to 1.00 March 31, 2020 through and including December 31, 2020 3.00 to 1.00 March 31, 2021 and each fiscal quarter thereafter 2.85 to 1.006.

Do you mean HPS/Ares/Comvest do unitranche for non sponsored deals?

  • Answer:
  • #6 HPS / Ares / Comvest - yes. they do  a lot of non-sponsorAres:"Ability to Commit $500mm+in a single transaction"13% of portfolio to non-sponsored companies"HPS – Competitive Strengths: Diversified Sourcing Network. HPS believes its diversified sourcing approach sets its platform apart from many of its peers. While the vast majority of peers focus their sourcing almost exclusively on financial sponsors and lending to businesses controlled by them, HPS has built an extensive relationship network across a breadth of private and public companies, management teams, banks, debt advisors, other financial intermediaries and financial sponsors. As a result, HPS has historically sourced approximately two-thirds of its private credit investments from channels other than financial sponsors. HPS believes its non-sponsor sourcing tilt significantly reduces the level of competitive intensity and allows it to focus on structuring improved economics, stricter financial covenants and stronger loan documentation. In addition, the direct dialogue with management teams results in a better understanding of the underlying borrowers and better positioning to actively manage investments throughout their life. While HPS is principally focused on the non-sponsor channel, its exposure to sponsor transactions tends to increase in times of public market dislocation (when certainty of capital and speed of execution with a single counterparty is often sought after and highly valued). The ability to flex in and out of both sponsor and non-sponsor markets will allow the Fund to remain nimble across different market dynamics.

QR Code -

old post (trying something new. New idea given WSO platform isn't good 2/ links. (Wow it worked. Awesome!)

URL:

Copy n pasting 2nd comment & 3rd comment

URL:

URL:

3. "Prepayment Premium" /  Call protection  - explanation

  • Term Loan A - no penalty
  • 1st lien TLB - 101 soft call only in repricings for 6 months
  • 2nd lien TLB - 102, 101
  • Unitranche - 102, 101 (minimum), often heavier prepayment penalties
  • Example: NC1, 104, 103, 102, 101 (Non-call - 0 to year 1, 4% fee - Y1-2, 3%, 2%, 1%)

see language below -n after NC1, as part of definition of:

"Prepayment Premium"

  • (ii) if such Prepayment Event occurs on or after the 12-month anniversary of the Closing Date but prior to the date that is 24 months after the Closing Date, a prepayment premium equal to 4.00% of the outstanding Loan Amount subject to the Prepayment Event;
  • (iii) if such Prepayment Event occurs on or after the 24-month anniversary of the Closing Date but prior to the date that is 36 months after the Closing Date, a prepayment premium equal to 3.00% of the outstanding Loan Amount subject to the Prepayment Event;
  • (iv) if such Prepayment Event occurs on or after the 36-month anniversary of the Closing Date but prior to the date that is 48 months after the Closing Date, a prepayment premium equal to 2.00% of the outstanding Loan Amount subject to the Prepayment Event; and
  • (v) if such Prepayment Event occurs on or after the 48-month anniversary of the Closing Date, a prepayment premium equal to 1.00% of the outstanding Loan Amount subject to the Prepayment Event (such amounts described in clauses (ii), (iii), (iv) and (v) are herein referred to as the "Repayment Premium").

#6 HPS / Ares / Comvest - yes. they do  non-sponsor

Ares:

  • "Ability to Commit $500mm+in a single transaction"
  • 13% of portfolio to non-sponsored companies"

5. Financial Covenants (step-downs)

Example below

(b) Leverage Ratio. Maintain as of the end of each fiscal quarter, a ratio (the "Leverage Ratio") of Funded Debt, calculated as of such date, to
EBITDA, measured for the period of four fiscal quarters then ended, of not greater than the ratios set forth below for the applicable fiscal quarter then
ending:

Fiscal Quarter Ending /  Maximum Leverage Ratio
March 31, 2017 and June 30, 2017 5.00 to 1.00
September 30, 2017 and December 31, 2017 4.75 to 1.00
March 31, 2018 through and includingDecember 31, 2018 4.00 to 1.00
March 31, 2019 through and including December 31, 2019 3.50 to 1.00
March 31, 2020 through and including December 31, 2020 3.00 to 1.00
March 31, 2021 and each fiscal quarter thereafter 2.85 to 1.00

Uniranche vs. 1L/2L

  • -limited # of parties
  • larger DDTLs - important for borrowers with tuck-in acquisition strategy
  • -no intercreditor complexity (AAL)
  • -higher WA cost of debt than 1L/2L (often) - varies tho
  • -limited investor base
  • -not as receptive to repricing compared to syndicated 1L
  • harder to get cov-lite structure
  • tenor: 5yr vs. 1L 7yr
  • Ratings - 1L  TLB / 2L -- need ratings (CLOs - largest investor, need a rating).
  • Non-rated deals - typically add a premium to pricing of ~50-75 bps for NR/NR, altho depends on deal (illiquid, smaller investor universe). 
  • 1L / 2L - slightly more ardous execution process - syndication requires creating Lender Pres, CIM, and RAP if rated. 

DDTLs w/ Direct Lenders:

  • While direct lenders are particularly sensitive to the terms under which additional debt may be incurred, they are, especially for borrowers with an acquisitive investment thesis, often willing to provide significant committed post-closing incremental financing in the form of delayed draw term loan commitments. While this feature is available in the BSL market, the conditions are typically more restrictive – for example, limited to funding specifically identified acquisitions that are scheduled to close within a relatively short period (typically six to 12 months following the initial funding) – and it is still generally disfavoured by institutional lenders seeking the yield certainty of fully funded investments.

Selected Challenges of Direct Lending

1) Revolvers - fund on short term notice

  • a borrower's desire for flexible and readily accessible revolving credit and letters of credit. This ability has long been a mainstay and competitive strength of commercial banks, and while many direct lenders have made strides in providing this critical function, it still represents a challenge to their ability to compete in this part of the financing market. In particular, direct lenders historically – and, in certain cases, still – fund borrowings by calling capital from their investors and/or borrowing under fund-level credit facilities. The time it takes for lenders to do so, however, may be inconsistent with a borrower's desire for funding on short notice. More recently, direct lenders have attempted to mitigate this disadvantage by restructuring their balance sheets to ensure that cash is available in order to make revolving loans on short notice and finding creative ways to issue letters of credit, either directly or through an arrangement with an acceptable third  party provider.

URL:

Attempting to compile all URLs in thread at the bottom: 1st draft

Copy n pasting 2nd comment & 3rd comment

URL:

URL:

Broadly Syndicated Corporate Loans

  • Source: OFI CARLYLE PRIVATE CREDIT FUND - N-2 Filing
  • Syndicated Loans generally hold the most senior position in the capital structure of a borrower, are typically secured with specific collateral and have a claim on the assets and/or stock of the borrower that is senior to that held by unsecured creditors, subordinated debt holders and holders of equity of the borrower. Typically, in order to borrow money pursuant to a Syndicated Loan, a borrower will, for the term of the Syndicated Loan, pledge collateral (subject to typical exceptions), including but not limited to (i) working capital assets, such as accounts receivable and inventory; (ii) tangible fixed assets, such as real property, buildings and equipment; (iii) intangible assets, such as trademarks and patent rights; and (iv) security interests in shares of stock of subsidiaries or affiliates. In the case of Syndicated Loans made to non-public companies, the company’s shareholders or owners may provide collateral in the form of secured guarantees and/or security interests in assets that they own. In many instances, a Syndicated Loan may be secured only by stock in the borrower or its subsidiaries. Collateral may consist of assets that may not be readily liquidated, and there is no assurance that the liquidation of such assets would satisfy fully a borrower’s obligations under a Syndicated Loan.
  • A borrower must comply with various covenants contained in a loan agreement or note purchase agreement between the borrower and the holders of the Syndicated Loan (the “Loan Agreement”). In a typical Syndicated Loan, an administrative agent (the “Agent”) administers the terms of the Loan Agreement. In such cases, the Agent is normally responsible for the collection of principal and interest payments from the borrower and the apportionment of these payments to the credit of all institutions that are parties to the Loan Agreement. The Fund will generally rely upon the Agent or an intermediate participant to receive and forward to the Fund its portion of the principal and interest payments on the Syndicated Loan. Additionally, the Fund normally will rely on the Agent and the other loan investors to use appropriate credit remedies against the borrower. The Agent is typically responsible for monitoring compliance with covenants contained in the Loan Agreement based upon reports prepared by the borrower. The Agent may monitor the value of the collateral and, if the value of the collateral declines, may accelerate the Syndicated Loan, may give the borrower an opportunity to provide additional collateral or may seek other protection for the benefit of the participants in the Syndicated Loan.
  • The Agent is compensated by the borrower for providing these services under a Loan Agreement, and such compensation may include special fees paid upon structuring and funding the Syndicated Loan and other fees paid on a continuing basis.
  • Syndicated Loans typically have rates of interest that are determined daily, monthly, quarterly or semi-annually by reference to a base lending rate, plus a premium or credit spread. As a result, as short-term interest rates increase, interest payable to the Fund from its investments in Syndicated Loans should increase, and as short-term interest rates decrease, interest payable to the Fund from its investments in Syndicated Loans should decrease. These base lending rates are primarily LIBOR and secondarily the prime rate offered by one or more major U.S. banks and the certificate of deposit rate or other base lending rates used by commercial lenders. Although not initially a principal investment strategy, the Fund may purchase and retain in its portfolio Syndicated Loans where the borrower has experienced, or may be perceived to be likely to experience, credit problems, including involvement in or recent emergence from bankruptcy court proceedings or other forms of debt restructuring. Such distressed investments may provide opportunities for enhanced income as well as capital appreciation, although they also will be subject to greater risk of loss. At times, in connection with the restructuring of a Syndicated Loan either outside of bankruptcy court or in the context of bankruptcy court proceedings, the Fund may determine or be required to accept equity securities or junior credit securities in exchange for all or a portion of a Syndicated Loan.
  • In the process of buying, selling and holding Syndicated Loans, the Fund may receive and/or pay certain fees. These fees are in addition to interest payments received and may include facility fees, commitment fees, amendment fees, commissions and prepayment penalty fees. On an ongoing basis, the Fund may receive a commitment fee based on the undrawn portion of the
    underlying line of credit portion of a Syndicated Loan. In certain circumstances, the Fund may receive a prepayment penalty fee upon the prepayment of a Syndicated Loan by a borrower. Other fees received by the Fund may include covenant waiver fees, covenant modification fees or other amendment fees.

URL: 

A few links to PDf docs on Uni's I sourced w/ Chrome Extension called "Link Grabber" - highly recommend getting this tool

 

Enim beatae dolorum nam tenetur numquam assumenda deserunt facilis. Atque odio qui est quia magnam magni maxime quod. Consequatur magnam est rem qui eaque. Consectetur rem non ex reprehenderit est. Impedit minus voluptatem aut accusantium. Ut est nemo voluptatibus eius est aut non. Debitis ut sunt hic similique illum.

Nostrum est hic velit nam exercitationem. Rem nobis mollitia officiis aperiam est enim corporis. Sit atque eos aut reiciendis unde. Necessitatibus voluptatem consequatur eveniet et explicabo voluptas aspernatur. Quam consequatur quae nihil quod explicabo quia. Vitae et neque adipisci et deleniti asperiores.

Atque repellat atque eum nihil suscipit. Quia enim voluptates ducimus laboriosam cum. Quia aut neque excepturi. Nihil sint sint veniam expedita deleniti.

Career Advancement Opportunities

April 2024 Investment Banking

  • Jefferies & Company 02 99.4%
  • Goldman Sachs 19 98.8%
  • Harris Williams & Co. New 98.3%
  • Lazard Freres 02 97.7%
  • JPMorgan Chase 03 97.1%

Overall Employee Satisfaction

April 2024 Investment Banking

  • Harris Williams & Co. 18 99.4%
  • JPMorgan Chase 10 98.8%
  • Lazard Freres 05 98.3%
  • Morgan Stanley 07 97.7%
  • William Blair 03 97.1%

Professional Growth Opportunities

April 2024 Investment Banking

  • Lazard Freres 01 99.4%
  • Jefferies & Company 02 98.8%
  • Goldman Sachs 17 98.3%
  • Moelis & Company 07 97.7%
  • JPMorgan Chase 05 97.1%

Total Avg Compensation

April 2024 Investment Banking

  • Director/MD (5) $648
  • Vice President (19) $385
  • Associates (87) $260
  • 3rd+ Year Analyst (14) $181
  • Intern/Summer Associate (33) $170
  • 2nd Year Analyst (66) $168
  • 1st Year Analyst (205) $159
  • Intern/Summer Analyst (146) $101
notes
16 IB Interviews Notes

“... there’s no excuse to not take advantage of the resources out there available to you. Best value for your $ are the...”

Leaderboard

1
redever's picture
redever
99.2
2
BankonBanking's picture
BankonBanking
99.0
3
Betsy Massar's picture
Betsy Massar
99.0
4
Secyh62's picture
Secyh62
99.0
5
kanon's picture
kanon
98.9
6
dosk17's picture
dosk17
98.9
7
CompBanker's picture
CompBanker
98.9
8
GameTheory's picture
GameTheory
98.9
9
bolo up's picture
bolo up
98.8
10
DrApeman's picture
DrApeman
98.8
success
From 10 rejections to 1 dream investment banking internship

“... I believe it was the single biggest reason why I ended up with an offer...”