Difference between working in LMM, MM, UMM and MF

I'm interested in learning about the practical differences between LMM, MM, UMM, and MF PE. How does everyday work differ? How do the deal processes / investment processes differ? How does the culture differ? How does comp differ? 

Obviously, there will be large differences between funds within each segment, but hoping to get some general input. 

Comments (20)

Funniest
  • Associate 1 in PE - LBOs
1mo 

MF = pinnacle of human achievement

  • 10
  • Intern in PE - LBOs
1mo 

This has been answered about 100 times in previous threads. There is a lot of really good insight in those.

  • 8
  • Analyst 2 in IB-M&A
1mo 

Shut the fuck up

  • 2
  • 2
  • Principal in PE - LBOs
1mo 

Very loosely directionally speaking, working at a MF/UMM is more like working at a BB bank (working with cleaner data, more sophisticated management teams, very focused on modeling and financial engineering, generally more buttoned up culture) while MM/LMM is going to feel more like MM sellside banking (navigating auction process dynamics, simpler but also more granular models, lots of time cleaning up data and doing analyses yourself, lots of handholding with management teams, etc). I think the hours are more variable at MM firms - there are times where you can leave before 5 and times you're getting absolutely smoked while at larger funds it's more of a consistent grind.
 

Overall it varies a lot and both are fundamentally similar jobs but there's definitely a distinct difference in the day to day. For what it's worth, I went from BB->MM->UMM and am much happier at the UMM but have plenty of friends who much prefer the type of work at MM/LMM funds. 

  • Principal in PE - LBOs
1mo 

Just through the regular HH channels. I think being from a BB and recruiting into a relatively hot market helped. Unfortunately don't have anything specific / high value to add about the transition other than that it's possible.

One other thing to add to my above post is that larger funds feel much more linked to broader markets than MM funds. We have daily/weekly market updates at my current firm and it actually impacts my day to day considering IPOs are a viable exit strategy, we have residual positions in public companies, and much of the debt we use is broadly syndicated to CLOs etc. Didn't matter or care at all in the LMM. 

1mo 
bzfracas, what's your opinion? Comment below:

as you mentioned MM/boutique banking is alot more granular/clean up; is there a huge learning curve when going to PE in terms of running models, doing technical analysis for diligence in excel, and making investment memos? if your IB coverage group doesn't model much at the junior level, wondering how much this affects going to PE and also getting less reps in on the Excel side (data cleanup, making models)

  • Associate 3 in PE - LBOs
1mo 

Sometimes called microcap or search fund (depends on how the funding works)

  • Associate 3 in PE - LBOs
1mo 

.

  • Analyst 1 in RE - Comm
1mo 

What even are the determining factors that make a firm UMM instead of MM for example?

  • Associate 2 in PE - LBOs
1mo 

Fund size. 

  • Analyst 1 in IB - Gen
1mo 

UMM has a larger fund size vs. MM. When fund size is larger, the investments typically become larger as well.

  • Analyst 1 in RE - Comm
1mo 

What fund size is considered to be UMM?

Most Helpful
  • Principal in PE - LBOs
1mo 

I went from LMM/MM to UMM/MF. There are a few practical differences that come to mind:

  • If you're evaluating a $2bn revenue company vs. a $200mm revenue company, the underwriting is very different. At $2bn, you're top-line growth is likely the same as industry growth unless there's something really unique going on. At that size, you are essentially a reflection of the market, vs. say a $200mm revenue business where you're small enough to still "hustle" and take market share by investing in a sales team, invest in adding product lines / geographies that you didn't have before, etc.
  • Along the lines of my above point, you spend a lot more time thinking about cost-outs at MFS because there is more realistic value there than at a much smaller company. 
  • You work with much more sophisticated management teams at MF's than LMM/MM. At the same time, it's a lot more transactional at MF's. I really did enjoy building strong personal relationships when I was working with smaller companies and really feeling my impact on those businesses regularly. 
  • You have a lot more resources at a MF. You can throw away several more millions dollars per deal to get comfortable with key commercial points and other gating items earlier in the process vs. at my prior fund, that was really difficult to swallow. But it makes sense, if you're looking at a $2bn deal, what's a $1m to do some pre-LOI work? 
  • Similar to the point on resources, MF's are better staffed than LMM funds. For example, we have capital markets in house vs. when I was in LMM/MM, we had to do all our financings on our own which was fine for me at the time and I got to learn about leverage, but it is much more efficient, and frankly effective, to have a real cap markets pro take care of that.
  • Banks do a lot more for you at MF's. You can shamelessly ask a BB to send you comps or provide you with something vs. at LMM, you kind of had to hustle a little more on that unless it was a bank you recently gave business to. 
  • Analyst 1 in IB - Cov
1mo 

What are cost-outs?

  • Analyst 1 in IB - Gen
1mo 

This is great info. Thanks for the very detailed explanation! 

  • Associate 2 in PE - LBOs
1mo 

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