Is it even worth learning excel modeling

I am currently in business school, learning real estate modeling and participating in A.CRE. Prior to this, I came from an engineering background and am familiar with AI, having founded a firm that leverages it to automate civil engineering tasks.

The more real estate modeling I do, the more I realize it’s a waste of time. I’ve come to see that I could easily develop an Excel plug-in on top of an existing LLM to handle all of this work. The math isn’t complex—it’s mostly just adding numbers in cells. Similarly, many of the documents being created, such as prospectuses, seem unnecessary when an LLM could generate them in minutes, requiring only a brief review and edit.

I also noticed that the founder of A.CRE has launched a company selling agentic AI services, which would essentially render what’s being taught on A.CRE obsolete. At this rate, real estate firms may no longer need MBA graduates; instead, they’ll need software engineers to build AI-powered tools ( I do not believe an MBA grad is smart enough to communicate with LLM intelligently )

I’ve been on this site for a few years and realize that most people here come from business school backgrounds with little to no technical expertise. Statistically, only 18% of the U.S. has used LLMs, so I expect a lot of speculation and baseless answers. However, I’d like to hear from those who are aware of these changes.

With the current push toward artificial general intelligence, I’m questioning the value of business and real estate degrees. Is an MBA worth the $200K headache? (Yes, I attend one of those so-called "target schools.")

33 Comments
 

Interesting opinion. I believe the core principle of market share require to either innovate or get replaced by something better/faster/cheaper, investors are friends to none but the bottom line. Complicating things to save your job does not sound like a sound argument based in reason.

I would also encourage you to look at software such as BuiltAI or even just excel plugins with LLM integration. It is not rocket science that we are solving just elementary math

 

You're missing the point, likely due to your engineering background. Modelling doesn't represent an operational process that needs optimisation; it's merely an abstraction of the deal – a blueprint, if you like. Using AI to automate this wouldn't make sense – it would be akin to using a bazooka to kill a fly. As you rightly mentioned, it's not rocket science or complex mathematics. So, it shouldn't concern you too much. The key is understanding the intricacies of the deal, rather than focusing on the task itself. It seems you may not have much experience with deals to fully grasp this.

 

While I appreciate you’re forward thinking and the fact that AI might be able to replace an analyst - modeling is table stakes to get in the door. You’ll need it to pass a modeling test to get a job. You will still need to learn excel for opening the door and highly likely you’ll need it on the job. This is because complicated debt structures still need a human touch. I’ve tried it with AI but it just isn’t 100% accurate yet.  I’m sure it’ll get there, but still need to know excel. 

 

This the AI is not accurate yet and sometimes even over complicates a macro or programming set. Also, Excel is not great for presentations, you still need to know how to transform the data manually into Power BI or Tableau for presenting to borrowers or other potential clients. Excel typically needs to be known so you can manipulate it still if the AI or add-in isn't reading the information correctly. I've found issues in multiple CF statements even on Bloomberg with their AI tools. It'll take time. For example we had 2 fires that took 4 units offline in one building and 9 in another building. Coincidental but happened roughly 36 months apart. Previous 12 years nothing. We have a Add in and it kept breaking and getting Ref errors when we tried to remove the fire offline units to one time events vs being a normalized YoY loss. But they happened on a T12 and historicals, also CoPilot is horrid and no where near capable of anything so don't even download that AI addin

 
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This is an incredibly stupid take.

If firms wanted to (and some do) they can force all modeling to be done in rigid templates - meaning the “model building automation” you are talking about doesn’t need AI. Just a rigid template.

You learn modeling so you can learn the levers of a deal, learn what drives sensitivities, and become a lot more knowledgeable as a professional. It’s training.

 

This is the answer. The biggest CRE shops aren’t teaching/forcing analysts to learn modeling so that they can become wizards in excel. They are teaching modeling so that you can understand all of the numbers behind a deal. Sure an LLM could do all of the modeling/packaging work, but that does not help anyone learn. Even with templates, you still have to use a fair bit of judgement to make sure everything is flowing correctly.

 

Surely these models have toggles for different variables / sensitivities, and for any elementary questions on how it works you can just prompt the LLM?

 

Right, just like anyone could have just used the Bloomberg MODL function for years.  The value isn't in producing a model, it's the judgement going into the model and the judgement applied to the results of the model.

 

You’re conflating modeling and underwriting. Yes, decent amount of modeling will be handled by AI in the future, particularly first cuts. But underwriting is still going to be needed, and that’s where analysts and associates will spend more of their time. And then as far as top MBAs go - yes still valuable. That’s where you build soft skills required for higher level roles, and build a personal network. Those are the things AI can’t replace 

 

You are ambitiously thinking ahead and yet backwards at the same time.

Your post misses the point of the modeling tests (and the skillset) as a condition precedent to employment --- as they are testing your root to tip fluency in evaluating and understandng investments not your ability to create a technical model for them. 

Most firms have 3-5 core model that they use and what matters is that the users understand the process deeply as they will be the ultimate clerks of the works. They don't need model builders as 90 percent of that work is already done by the time you get there. Your post conflates technical skills with the artisanship of dealmaking (which is an intersection of many disciplines and dispositions personality-wise and  will arguably be the last thing to be replaced by AI).

 

Bad take my friend. It's 2025, you're not the first student to think of applying AI to commercial real estate. If this was a novel idea that can generate value, then the largest firms with CRE teams (that are ALSO backed by teams of software engineers, such as the large banks and the largest private equity firms) would have already done this.

As others have pointed out, modeling is essential to fully grasp a deal.

Besides, there's been so many firms trying to automate CRE that have failed. So many people try to get rid of brokers through automation, and they haven't made a scratch to the market.

 

With the current push toward artificial general intelligence, I’m questioning the value of business and real estate degrees. Is an MBA worth the $200K headache? (Yes, I attend one of those so-called "target schools.")

Do you actually understand what an MBA or MSRED gives you?  It feels like you must be trolling, to conflate "excel modeling" and business school as the same thing.

Here's a secret - excel modeling is barely useful anyway.  No one gives a shit after you're 25 if you are good at modeling or not.  It's like 5% of the business.  It's the rest of it that is important.

Your MBA will give you connections you'll be able to leverage in the industry.  It'll give you expertise and skills in non-underwriting areas.  It will open doors professionally as you job hunt.

Your entire post (and this isn't unique to you, most WSO have this flaw in their thinking) is basically saying "there is a skill that generative AI can mostly replicate but which is only relevant for a few years of my career, should I make a decision which will impact the next 40 years based on what will save me in the extreme short term?"

 

If the big firms don’t adopt it, smaller shops will, and in-turn will be twice as efficient with time to delivery for clients. I think it’s coming.

 

I would also encourage you to look at software such as Built AI or even just excel plugins with LLM integration. It is not rocket science that we are solving just elementary mat

 

Automation and AI are extremely helpful when underwriting deals, many of the largest CRE intermediaries to this. However, it has become increasingly apparent that the younger folks in the business rely too much on add-ins, AI, etc. The point of modeling a deal is two fold: 1) clearly and concisely lay out the intricacies of a real estate transaction so that multiple parties can lay their eyes on it and understand the deal. 2) More importantly, is there for the analyst/associate to be in the weeds, learn the hot buttons of the deal, learn about what changes lead to what outcome. Modeling is there for the young folks in the business to LEARN THE BUSINESS. 

 

I'll bite based on my experience as a developer working for the biggest names in the business / deploying a discretionary fund model and also smaller shops that raise capital deal by deal.

1. MBA is for the network - that's why only "M7" or top 10 is worth it in my opinion. It's an expensive schmooze fest but if you can swing it at HBS or Wharton, and are likable/network while there, the six figures invested quickly seems negligible.

2. Real estate is not a science and the modeling is only worth so much. Garbage in, garbage out, only as good as your assumptions. At the end of the day, they are just that: assumptions. I know a lot of people with projects in lease up that are exceeding proforma rents with strong leasing velocity, but oops the interest reserve line item is light because of unpredictable macro-level political/economic events so now my project I theoretically didn't really miss on, is still not cash flowing.

3. There are prolific developers that drive a site, ask two or three questions, and make the call. That's it. Yes, some type of modeling potentially educated them on the two-three questions to ask, meaning they might have learned the levers to pull from staring at Excel long enough, but it's more likely they learned through experience and keeping their eyes open. Not technology or some complex financial model.

4. Someone else said people making $500k aren't looking to make things less complicated and destabilize their perceived value. Along those lines, real estate is an old school boys club that isn't full of tech nerds. They've seen Costar, Axiometrics, Real Page, Red IQ, etc. all enter the scene and they shrug somewhat. People have been trying to find tech that can revolutionize or make the real estate business more efficient for decades. It's a people business founded on relationships spanning generations and the newest cool tech is another flash in the pan. It won't get deals done and it's not going to find my next off-market site, at least not yet.

Bottom line, real estate is the last business to be replaced with AI and the financial model is a small fraction of the overall equation. Give me someone who knows the market, local zoning environment, and is a go-getter not afraid to talk on the phone or get out there and meet the right people in person. A real dynamic human being that can make things happen. I don't care if they've never even opened Excel. That's the easy part that one can learn. The hard part, and some people never get there no matter how hard they try, is being the dude.

 

can you elaborate more on local zoning environment? Do you mean by how local government’s current push in zoning regulations?

Also, advise on how to become THE DUDE?

Really appreciate you sharing your insights!

 

Yes, how development friendly (or not) different municipalities are and knowing the hoops you'll have to jump through if you were to get something rezoned or apply for a variance to the existing entitlements.

Being the dude entails going all in on this industry and really making it part of your life. I don't necessarily mean work all the time, but guys who really love it are always geeking out on a range of related topics whether it's construction deliveries, recent trades, architecture/materiality, market news like job announcements, planned developments, etc. Almost like it's not work because they truly enjoy it - not a notion specific to real estate and is often what you see in successful people, regardless of the field.

Helps to have a curious approach to life and the desire to never stop learning. Whether that's meeting local owners in target markets, on vacation asking the resort who did the interior design, or at a trailer park asking how they were able to get utilities that far out in the cut. Essentially paying attention all the time and curious when they see something new.

Table stakes include showing up hungry every day ready to keep the ball moving. Tenacity. Conviction despite the cyclical roller coaster this industry can be. Charisma as a leader and hiring the right team around you. Having a lot of fucking money always helps too.

 

Classic case of tech nerds thinking they have all the answers to a business they don't know a whole lot about. Reminds me of being wide eyed and thinking about how to take down the rental brokers in NYC 10 years ago...before I realized they know theyre useless and so does everyone else but there's a lot of people with a lot at stake that will make sure it stays that way. Modeling is a small part of the business - acquistions guys run on relationships and creative deal structuring...not the speed of their models. Also the analysts are there as the MDs right hand / slave, taking that away from them will be an ego trip plus what are the MD gonna do the models now that you took away the kids they get to yell at whent they're having a bad day? LOL. So sure go ahead and make it but good luck convincing anyone to pay you money for it. 

 

This has been overstated throughout the thread but the purpose of spending years in the excel model through your analyst and associate years is not to become a world-champion excel modeler. It's to learn the business, know what levers can be pulled/the effects they have, and how to ask insightful questions when reviewing deals. 

Additionally, it allows you to speak fluently when meeting with people in the industry and prevents sounding like an MBA grad fresh into CRE

 

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