Thoughtful ways to model Working Capital

Hey All,

So I’ve been running into some issues while building operating models for some of our portcos (Rx focused). When modeling working cap I’m running into issues where A/R, inventory, AP, etc. build or decrease heavily based on the monthly fluctuations of revenue or COGS.

Does anyone have other ways they think about forecasting working capital more thoughtfully than just taking an average historical % of sales or DSO, etc? Looking to have a more accurate build of working capital in our operating models.

Thanks in advance.

10 Comments
 

Next place I'd go is your CFO/CEO to see how they budget. If you don't trust them see if your firm has advisors with industry expertise and ask them how they'd forecast. Last option would be to call some bankers in the sector and look at sell side models for inspiration. 

 
Most Helpful

Basically get an experienced yet pragmatic operator to support you guys. Could be a venture partner or so. Sometimes big 4/small consultancies have some senior guys who are from the industry (not finance guys) and have seen much.

We had one helping out with an almost insolvent sub of a company on its way to IPO. These guys were on daily cash flow analysis, with each outflow almost tied to single invoices. With the help of this SR guy we looked into building logic into a model. Not just inventory days times cogs or sales, but flooring a min. Investory Level, dynamic stocking etc. not overly detailed stuff, but more down to how actually life at the shop floor looks like. Was quite robust.

In another restructuring case in automotive we took an old guy from a big four. Next to his input for Rx measures, his views were gold on improving inventory and payables assessment and modelling. Very impressive, how much of an actual difference an experienced  executive (not necessarily old) can bring clarity in thinking (not only to us, but to the portco and it's owners, a fund with limited experience in RX or automotive).

 

You need to dive deeper into the actual line items making up each working capital item. Then you need to understand what those line items ACTUALLY relate to.

As a simple example, one portfolio company I worked with treated regulatory subsidies as an account receivable once they got approval for the subsidy. Those large, lumpy subsidies had a very concrete payout period of 90 days, and were completely unrelated to revenue. If you had just focused on historical % of revenue, that A/R figure would jump all over the place, but it was completely irrelevant for that item. When projecting W/C, we had to reverse that out, create its own schedule based on anticipated subsidies, and then model out that way. There will be dozens of items with similar issues at play, and the only way to figure them out is to do a deep dive.

 

Laborum et ipsum eius perspiciatis labore impedit. Veniam culpa amet possimus earum ut a eum dolore. Et ea ducimus necessitatibus et. Consequatur omnis est officia et rerum cupiditate optio.

Ut sed possimus quibusdam quia. Eos ut iure voluptas accusantium. Voluptatem accusamus est at necessitatibus.

Career Advancement Opportunities

June 2026 Private Equity

  • The Riverside Company 99.6%
  • KKR (Kohlberg Kravis Roberts) 99.2%
  • Blackstone Group 98.9%
  • Warburg Pincus 98.5%
  • Bain Capital 98.1%

Overall Employee Satisfaction

June 2026 Private Equity

  • KKR (Kohlberg Kravis Roberts) 99.6%
  • The Riverside Company 99.2%
  • Ardian 98.9%
  • Blackstone Group 98.5%
  • Starwood Capital Group 98.1%

Professional Growth Opportunities

June 2026 Private Equity

  • Bain Capital 99.6%
  • The Riverside Company 99.2%
  • Blackstone Group 98.9%
  • Starwood Capital Group 98.5%
  • KKR (Kohlberg Kravis Roberts) 98.1%

Total Avg Compensation

June 2026 Private Equity

  • Principal (9) $653
  • Director/MD (24) $547
  • Vice President (97) $363
  • 3rd+ Year Associate (104) $281
  • 2nd Year Associate (234) $272
  • 1st Year Associate (411) $229
  • 3rd+ Year Analyst (33) $157
  • 2nd Year Analyst (95) $134
  • 1st Year Analyst (271) $124
  • Intern/Summer Associate (37) $80
  • Intern/Summer Analyst (351) $61
notes
16 IB Interviews Notes

“... there’s no excuse to not take advantage of the resources out there available to you. Best value for your $ are the...”

Leaderboard

1
redever's picture
redever
99.2
2
Secyh62's picture
Secyh62
99.0
3
BankonBanking's picture
BankonBanking
99.0
4
kanon's picture
kanon
99.0
5
CompBanker's picture
CompBanker
98.9
6
Betsy Massar's picture
Betsy Massar
98.9
7
DrApeman's picture
DrApeman
98.9
8
dosk17's picture
dosk17
98.9
9
GameTheory's picture
GameTheory
98.9
10
Mimbs's picture
Mimbs
98.8
success
From 10 rejections to 1 dream investment banking internship

“... I believe it was the single biggest reason why I ended up with an offer...”